Ertan YILDIRIM, Melek EKİNCİ, Metin TURAN, Güleray AĞAR, Selda ÖRS, Atilla DURSUN, Raziye KUL, Tayfun BALCI

Impact of Cadmium and Lead Heavy Metal Stress on Plant Growth and Physiology of Rocket (Eruca sativa L.)

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of cadmium (Cd)(0, 100, 150 and 200 mg kg-1) and lead (Pb) (0, 1000, 1500 and 2000mg kg-1) on morphological, physiological and biochemical responses ofrocket (Eruca sativa L.) in greenhouse conditions. Plant growth, somephysiological (membrane permeability, relative water content, stomalconductance, etc.) and biochemical (antioxidant enzyme activity,proline and sucrose content) parameters of rocket plants were alteredwith Cd and Pb levels. The Cd and Pb content in rocket increased withelevated concentration. Both Cd and Pb stress conditions negativelyaffected plant growth, photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content.The negative effect of heavy metals elevated with increased doses ofCd and Pb. The treatment of Cd and Pb significantly elevatedantioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, the heavy metal stressedplants had more malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2),proline and sucrose as compared to control plants. This studyindicated that rocket plants developed defense mechanisms byregulating enzyme activity and osmolyte accumulation against heavymetal stress.

Kadmiyum ve Kurşun Ağır Metal Stresinin Rokada (Eruca sativa L.) Bitki Büyümesi ve Fizyolojisi Üzerine Etkisi

Bu çalışma, sera koşullarında kadmiyum (Cd) (0, 100, 150 ve 200 mg kg-1) ve kurşunun (Pb) (0, 1000, 1500 ve 2000 mg kg-1) rokada (Eruca sativa L.) morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal tepkiler üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Roka bitkilerinin büyüme, bazı fizyolojik (membran geçirgenliği, nisbi su içeriği, stoma iletkenliği vb.) ve biyokimyasal (antioksidan enzim aktivitesi, prolin ve sukroz içeriği) parametreleri ağır metal stres koşulları altında değişmiştir. Rokanın Cd ve Pb içeriği yüksek konsantrasyonla artmıştır. Hem Cd hem de Pb stres koşulları bitki büyümesini, fotosentetik aktiviteyi ve klorofil içeriğini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Ağır metallerin negatif etkisi artan Cd ve Pb dozları ile daha fazla olmuştur. Cd ve Pb uygulamaları antioksidan enzim aktivitelerini önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Ayrıca, ağır metal stresli bitkilerde, kontrol bitkilerine kıyasla daha fazla malondialdehit (MDA), hidrojen peroksit (H2O2), prolin ve sukroz bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma, roka bitkilerinin enzim aktivitesini ve osmolit birikimini düzenleyerek ağır metal stresine karşı savunma mekanizmaları geliştirdiklerini göstermiştir.

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