GÜLCAN DEMİROĞLU TOPÇU, ŞÜKRÜ SEZGİ ÖZKAN

Akdeniz Ekolojik Koşulları için Alternatif Bir Bitki: Crotalaria juncea L. (Krotalarya)

Hayvanların sağlıklı bir şekilde beslenebilmesi için gerekli kalitelikaba yem temini, hayvancılık işletmelerinin en önemliproblemlerinden biridir. Değişik iklim, toprak ve üretim desenlerinesahip olan ülkemizin farklı bölgelerinde ve tarla koşullarında birçokyembitkisinin yetiştirilmesi sözkonusudur. Crotalaria juncea L.;önemli bir bitkisel protein kaynağı ve yem kalitesi etkileyici özelliğesahip olan bir baklagil bitkisidir. Bitkinin yapraklarının %30oranında protein içerdiği bilinmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra; karışık veyaalternatif ekimleri ile fikse edilen azotun buğdaygiller veya diğerfamilya bitkileri tarafından kullanılması önemli avantajsağlamaktadır. Krotolarya bitkisinin organik maddesi, kısa sürede(yaklaşık 2 hafta) parçalanmaktadır ve en yüksek azotmineralizasyon hızının da bu zaman periyodunda gerçekleştiğibilinmektedir. Yaygın olarak yeşil gübre veya yem bitkisi olarakdeğerlendirilebilen tek yıllık, yazlık bir baklagil türü olan Crotalariajuncea L., pek çok ülkede farklı kullanım olanaklarına (yem, yeşilgübre, örtü bitkisi, lif, biyodizel vb.) sahiptir. Bu nedenle, ülkemiz içinde ümitvar olabileceği düşünülerek yapılacak olan yeni bilimselçalışmaların, bitkinin daha fazla tanınmasına ve öneminin giderekartmasına neden olacaktır. Bu literatür derlemesi, ülkemiz içintarımsal bir potansiyele sahip olabilecek Crotalaria juncea L.bitkisinin birçok yönü ile ele alınarak tanıtılmasını amaçlamaktadır.

An Alternative Crop for Mediterranean Climatic Conditions: Crotalaria juncea L. (Sunn hemp)

To obtain quality roughage required for the healthy feeding of animals is one of the most important problems of livestock. Many forage crops are being grown in the different regions of our country which has different climate, soil and production patterns. Crotalaria juncea L. is a leguminous plant which is an important source of protein and has an impressive quality of forage crop. It is known that the leaves of the plant contain 30% protein. And also; the use of nitrogen fixed by sunn hemp through the gramineous or other family plants growing in mixture with sunn hemp provides them advantage. The organic matter of Crotalaria juncea L. is degraded in a short time (about 2 weeks) and the highest rate of nitrogen mineralization was known to occur during this period of time. Sunn hemp which generally can be evaluated as green manure or forage crop is an annual and summer leguminous plant and has different usage possibilities (forage, green manure, cover plant, fiber, biodiesel etc.) in many countries. In this regard, promising scientific studies in our country will help the plant to be more recognized and will increase its importance. This literature review aims to introduce this plant, an possible agricultural potential for our country, with many aspects.

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