Gryllus campestris Linnaeus, 1758 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)’ in Erkek Üreme Sisteminin Histolojisi ve Morfolojisi

Gryllus campestris Linnaeus,1758 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)’ın erkek üreme sisteminin histolojik ve morfolojik yapısı stereo mikroskobu, ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile tanımlandı. Erkek üreme sistemi bir çift testis, bir çift vas deferens, iki seminal kese, yardımcı bezler ve kaslı bir ejakulatör kese, aedeagusa açılan bir ejakulatör kanal ve spermatofordan meydana gelmektedir. Olgun G. campestris erkek bireyleri spermatozoa oluşturan bir çift testise sahiptir. Her testis çeşitli spermatogenez aşamalarına (spermatosit, spermatid, spermatozoa) sahip bir dizi ince silindir tübüller veya folikülden oluşur. İlk olarak spermatositler foliküllerin proksimal uçlarında germ hücrelerinin mitoz bölünmesi ile oluşur. Ardından foliküllerin orta bölgesinde mayoz bölünme ile spermatidler meydana gelir. Son olarak foliküllerin proksimal bölgesinde spermatidler spermatozoaya farklılaşır. Her folikül spermatozoayı aktarmak için vas eferens aracılığı ile vas deferense bağlanır. Vas eferens, tek katlı kübik epitel ile çevrilidir ve oval çekirdeklidir. Ejakulator kanal ventralde genişleyerek erkek üreme organı penis veya aedeagusa açılır. Yardımcı bezler çiftleşme sırasında spermatozoanın dişiye aktarılmasına yardımcı olan bir sıvı salgılar. Spermatofor, erkek bireylerin yardımcı bezleri tarafından sentezlenen, spermatozoanın kapsül veya kitle halinde aktarılmasını sağlayan yapılardır. Spermler dişiye akatarılmadan önce bir kese şeklinde spermatofor içinde bulunur. Bu çalışmada ülkemiz için ekonomik açıdan önemli bir tür olan G. campestris erkek üreme sisteminin morfolojisi ve histolojisi stereo mikroskop, ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile incelenmiş ve gösterilmiştir. G. campestris'in erkek üreme sisteminin yapısını karakterize eden bulgularımız, tarımda bu zararlıyı kontrol etmek için teknolojik yaklaşımlar da dahil olmak üzere gelecekteki çalışmaların temelini oluşturacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Testis, Vas deferens, Spermatogenez, Spermatofor, Elektron mikroskobu

Morphology and Histology of Male Reproductive System of Gryllus campestris Linnaeus, 1758 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

The morphological and histological structures of male reproductive system of adult Gryllus campestris Linnaeus,1758 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) have been defined by using stereo microscope, light microscope, and scanning electron microscope. The male reproductive system of G. campestris is formed as a couple of testes, a pair of vas defence, two seminal vesicles, accessory gland, a single muscular ejaculator bulb and ejaculator duct which opens the aedaegus and spermatophore. The mature G. campestris has two nearly uniformly broad testes. Spermatozoa are produced in the testes. Each testis is formed as series of slender tubules or follicles in which disparate stage of spermatogenesis (spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa) and spermatozoa develop. Initially, the germ cells at the proximal end of the testicular follicle undergo mitosis to form spermatocytes. Later, spermatids are formed from the spermatocytes in the middle region of the follicles through meiosis. At last, spermatids, the proximal region of the follicle differentiates into spermatozoa. Every follicle is connected to the vas deferens via vas efferens to transfer spermatozoa. Vas efferens is surrounded by a single layer of cubic epithelium containing an oval core. Ejaculatory duct opens and a large ventral male mating organ opens the penis or the end of aedeagus. The accessory glands is a liquid to aid in the transfer during mating female spermatozoa secretes. Spermatophore or sperm ampulla is a capsule or mass containing spermatozoa formed by males. Spermatophore is synthesized by the male accessory glands. Before the sperm is transposed to the female, the spermatophore is located in the sac like the ampulla. In this study, the morphology and histology of the male reproductive system of G. campestris, which is an economically important species for our country, was examined and illustrated by stereo microscope, light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Our findings, characterizing the structure of the male reproductive system of G. campestris, form the basis of future studies including technological approaches to control this pest in agriculture.

Keywords:

Testes, Spermatogenesis, Spermatophore, Electron microscope, Vas deferens,

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