Türkiye'deki Köy Tavuklarında İnfeksiyöz Laringotrakeitis Virüsünün Moleküler Tespiti ve Karakterizasyonu

Gallid herpesvirüs I (GaHV1), infeksiyöz laringotrakeitisin (ILT) etiyolojik ajanıdır ve ILT, tavukların solunum yolu enfeksiyonları arasında yer alan önemli hastalıklardan biridir. Türkiye'de çok az çalışma yapılmış ve köy tavuklarında ILT'nin varlığına dair veri bulunmamaktadır. Çalışmada, köy tavuklarında PCR, RFLP ve sekans verileri kullanarak GaHV1'in tespitini ve karakterizasyonu amaçlandı. Toplamda 43 köy tavuğu işletmesinden alınan 163 trakeal swap örneğinin 5'inde (% 3,07) ILT enfeksiyonu pozitif bulundu. Sürü düzeyinde pozitiflik % 4,65 (2/43) idi. ICP4 geninin nükleik asit dizileri GenBank'taki ILTV dizileri ile karşılaştırıldığında benzerlik % 96.82 ile % 100 arasında değiştiği görüldü. Örneklerin sekans dizileri TCO suşları ile karşılaştırıldığında % 99.77-100 homoloji gözlemlendi. HgaI enzimi ile yapılan sanal RFLP analizinde, çalışmadaki suşlar TCO aşı suşuna benzer bir paterne sahip olarak karakterize edildi. Bu araştırma, köy tavuklarında GaHV1'in varlığını ve karakterizasyonunu ortaya koyan ilk çalışmadır. Türkiye'de ILT prevalansını tahmin etmek için büyük ölçekli çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. ILTV salgınlarını kontrol etmek için tavuklar izlenmeli ve yetiştiriciler aşılanmamış tavuklarla aşılanmış olanların temas etmesinden kaçınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

GaHV1, infeksiyöz laringotrakeitis, köy tavuğu, RFLP, sekans

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus in Backyard Chickens in Turkey

Gallid herpesvirus I (GaHV1) is etiological agent of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and ILT is one of the important disease that included in respiratory infections of chickens. Few studies have been conducted in Turkey and there is no data about the existence of ILT in backyards. The purpose of the study was to document the detection and characterization of GaHV1 in backyard chickens using PCR, RFLP and sequencing. Of the163 tracheal swap samples which were taken from 43 backyard flocks 5 (3.07%) were found to be positive for ILT infection. Positivity was 4.65 % (2/43) at flock level. The nucleic acid sequences of the ICP4 gene compared with ILTV sequences in GenBank and the level of identity differed from 96.82 to 100%. When the sequences of samples compared with TCO strains 99.77-100% homology was observed. The virtual RFLP analysis with the HgaI restriction enzyme characterized strains as having a pattern similar to the vaccine strain TCO. This is the first study that presents presence and characterization of GaHV1 in backyards. Large scale studies are needed to estimate prevalence of ILT in Turkey. Chickens should be monitored and growers should avoid to contacting vaccinated birds with non-vaccinated chickens, to control ILTV outbreaks.

Keywords:

backyard, GaHV1, infectious laryngotracheitis, RFLP, sequencing,

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