Diabetik Retinopati ve Etiyopatogenezi

Kronik hiperglisemi, diyabetik retinopati (DR) oluşumu ve ilerlemesinde en önemli etkenlerden biridir. Diğer risk faktörleri içinde; insülin direnci ve hiperinsülinemi, değişmiş olan yağ asidi ve protein metabolizması, ozmotik etki, hipertansiyon, bozulmuş metabolik sempatik aktivasyon sayılabilir. Diyabette oksidatif stres de artabilmektedir, ancak ilgili mekanizmaların diabetik komplikasyonlara katkısı tam olarak ispatlanmış değildir. Vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü (VEGF) ile birlikte DR patogenezinde rol oynayan platelet kaynaklı büyüme faktörü (PDGF), retina pigment epitel hücresi ve glial hücre göçü ve proliferasyonunu uyararak mikrovasküler yapıda anjiogenezis yapar

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Diabetik retinopati, etyoloji, patogenez

Diabetik Retinopati ve Etiyopatogenezi

Chronic hyperglycemia is one of the most important factors for the formation and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, altered fatty acid and protein metabolism, osmotic effect, hypertension, impaired metabolic sympathetic activation are other important risk factors. Oxidative stress also increases in diabetes, but exact contribution of related mechanisms to diabetic complications has not been fully verified. Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) that take place in the pathogenesis of DR together with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) produces angiogenesis in microvascular structures by stimulating migration and proliferation of RPE and glial cells

Keywords:

Diabetic retinopathy; etiology; pathogenesis,

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