KRONİK SİGARA VE ALKOL MARUZİYETİNİN GEBE RAT MİYOMETRİYUM OKSİTOSİN- VE DİLTİAZEM-ARACILI FONKSİYONEL YANITLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Amaç: Gebelik sırasında sigara ve alkol tüketimi doğum eylemi üzerinde istenmeyen etkilere neden olmaktadır. Altta yatan mekanizmalar hala tam olarak anlaşılmamış olmakla birlikte, bozulmuş miyometriyum fonksiyonel yanıtları bu komplikasyonların nedenlerinden biri olabilir. Bu çalışmada, kronik sigara ve alkol tüketiminin izole term-gebe sıçan miyometriyum şeritlerinin fonksiyonel yanıtlarına etkisini araştırdık. Yöntem: 21 Wistar albino sıçanı üç gruba ayrıldı: Kontrol; Sigara grubu, sıçanlar 12 hafta boyunca sigara dumanına maruz kaldı; Alkol grubu, sıçanlara 12 hafta boyunca etanol uygulandı (n = 7, her bir grupta). Doğum dönemlerinde bulunan sıçanlardan izole edilen miyometriyal düz kas şeritleri, izometrik kayıt almak üzere organ banyosuna yerleştirildi. Karbakol (10-8-10-4 M), oksitosin (10-9-10-3 M) ve diltiazem (10-8-10-4 M) kümülatif konsantrasyonlarının miyometriyal spontan kasılmalar üzerindeki etkileri ölçüldü. Bulgular: Karbakol kasılma yanıtlarının amplitüd ve frekansları sigara grubunda anlamlı olarak artarken, alkol grubunda azaldı. Oksitosin ile indüklenen miyometriyal kasılmaların frekansı sigara maruziyetiyle artarken, kasılmaların amplitüdü değişmedi. Amplitüd ve frekans olarak oksitosin kasılmaları alkol grubunda azaldı. Her iki grupta da diltiazem gevşeme yanıtları arasında kontrollerine göre anlamlı olarak fark yoktu. Sonuç: Bu bulgular miyometriyal düz kasının kasılma ve gevşeme yanıtlarını değiştirmek yoluyla, sigara maruziyetinin erken doğuma neden olabileceğini ve alkol maruziyetinin gebelik süresini uzatabileceğini göstermektedir. Diltiazem gebelikte her iki durumda da tokoliz için yararlı bir etkiye sahip olabilir.

INFLUENCES OF CHRONIC SMOKING AND ALCOHOL COMSUMPTION ON OXYTOCINAND DILTIAZEM-INDUCED FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES OF PREGNANT RAT MYOMETRIUM

Objective: Smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy lead to undesired effects on labor. Although the underlying mechanisms are stillpoorly understood, impaired functional responses of myometrium may be one of the reasons for these complications. In this study, we investigatedthe effects of chronic smoking and alcohol consumption on the functional responses of isolated term-pregnant rat myometrium strips.Methods: 21 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: Control; Smoking group, rats exposed to smoke for 12 weeks; Alcohol group, ratswere administered ethanol for 12 weeks (n=7 in each group). The reactivities of myometrial smooth muscle strips obtained from term labor ratswere mounted in organ chambers for the recording of isometric tension. The effects of cumulative concentrations of carbachol (10-8-10-4 M),oxytocin (10-9-10-3 M), and diltiazem (10-8-10-4 M) on myometrial spontaneous contractions were measured.Results: The amplitude and frequency of carbachol contractile responses decreased in the alcohol group, whereas it significantly increased in thesmoking group. The frequency of oxytocin-induced myometrial contractions was significantly increased by smoking, while the amplitude ofcontractions was not changed. Oxytocin responses as amplitude and frequency of contractions decreased in the alcohol group. There were nosignificant differences between relaxant responses to diltiazem in both group compared to the controls.Conclusion: These findings show that smoking may lead to premature labor and alcohol consumption may prolong gestation length by changingcontractile and relaxant responses in myometrial smooth muscle. Diltiazem may have a beneficial effect on tocolysis in both conditions duringpregnancy.

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