Helin YILMAZ KAFALI, Nebahat KESKİN, Eda MENGEN, Ahmet Yiğit AKTENER, Merve ERGÜVEN DEMİRTAŞ, Seyit Ahmet UÇAKTÜRK

PSİKODRAMA YÖNELİMLİ GRUP TERAPİSİNİN, OBEZİTESİ OLAN ERGENLERİN STANDARDİZE BEDEN KİTLE İNDEKSİ VE YEME-EGZERSİZ DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, psikodrama grup terapisinin, obezitesi olan ergenlerin standardize beden kitle indekslerine (BKİ), yeme davranışlarına ve egzersiz-beslenme tutumlarına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve yöntemler: Yarı deneysel olarak gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada, 12-19 yaş aralığındaki obezitesi olan 16 ergene [10 kız (%62.5)] 8 haftalık online psikodrama grup terapisi uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların terapi öncesi ve sonrası standardize BKİ değerleri, bel ve kalça çevresi ölçülmüş, haftalık fiziksel aktivite ve bilgisayar/internet kullanım süreleri kaydedilmiş, Üç Faktörlü Yeme Anketi (ÜFYA) ve Beslenme/Egzersiz Davranışı Ölçeklerini (BEDA) doldurmaları sağlanmıştır. Bulgular: Terapi öncesine göre, terapi sonrasında katılımcıların standardize BKİ [t(15)=3.446, p=0.04] değerinin, bel [t(13)=2.806, p=0.01] ve kalça çevrelerinin [t(11)=4.690, p=0.001], BEDA-psikolojik/bağımlı yeme [t(15)=3.301, p=0.005] ve BEDA-sağlıksız beslenme-egzersiz davranış [t(15)=3.408, p=0.004] puanlarının azaldığı; haftalık fiziksel aktivite sürelerinin [t(12)=-2.586, p=0.02] ve ÜFYA-bilişsel yeme kısıtlaması skorlarının arttığı [t(15)=-3.093, p=0.007]; internet/bilgisayarda geçirilen sürenin, emosyonel yeme, kontrolsüz yeme, BEDA-öğün düzeni ve BEDA-sağlıklı beslenme-egzersiz tutum puanlarının değişmediği bulunmuştur. Standardize BKİ değişimi ile anlamlı korelasyon gösteren tek faktörün bilişsel yeme kısıtlamasındaki artış olduğu gösterilmiştir [r=-0.681, p=0.002, CI ([-0.88]-[0.26])]. Sonuç: Bu araştırmada, psikodrama yönelimli grup terapisinin obezitesi olan ergenlerin standardize BKİ değerlerinin, yeme bağımlılığı ve sağlıksız beslenme-egzersiz tutumlarının azalmasına, fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin ve bilişsel yeme kısıtlama becerilerinin artmasına katkı sağladığı gösterilmiştir. Bulgularımızın randomize kontrollü araştırmalar ile doğrulanması durumunda, obezitesi olan ergenlerin tedavisinde psikodrama grup terapisinin, yaşam tarzı değişikliklerini sağlamak için kullanılabilecek bir terapötik yöntem olabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

psikodrama, obezite, ergenlik dönemi, yeme davranışı

Evaluating the efficacy of psychdrama group therapy on BMI-SDS and eating-exercise behaviors among adolescents with obesity

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of psychodrama group therapy on body mass index standard deviation (BMI-SDS), eating and nutrition-exercise behaviors among adolescents with obesity. Material and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 16 adolescents aged 12-19 years [10 girls (62.5%)] attended 8-week psychodrama group therapy. The following variables were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention: BMI-SDS, BMI percentile, waist and hip circumferences, weekly physical exercise and computer/internet usage time, the Three Factors Eating Questionnaire (TFE-Q), and Nutrition-Exercise Behavior Scale (NEBS). Results: We found a significant decrease in BMI-SDS value [t(15)=3.446, p=0.04], waist [t(13)=2.806, p=0.01] and hip circumferences [t(11)=4.690, p=0.001], NEBS-psychological/addicted eating [t(15)=3.301, p=0.005] and NEBS-unhealthy nutrition-exercise behavior scores [t(15)=3.408, p=0.004]; a significant increase in weekly physical activity time [t(12)=-2.586, p=0.02] and TFE-Q-cognitive eating restrain score [t(15)=-3.093, p=0.007]; and no significant change in computer/internet usage time, TFE-Q-emotional and uncontrolled eating, NEBS-meal plan and NEBS-health nutrition-exercise behavior scores in post-intervention compared to pre-intervention. The increase in the TFE-Q-cognitive eating restrain score was the only variable associated with a decrease in the SDS-BMI score. Conclusion: The findings showed that psychodrama group therapy could be effective not only in decreasing BMI-SDS, psychological eating, and unhealthy nutrition-exercise behaviors but also in increasing cognitive eating restrain and physical activity time among obese adolescents. If our results can be verified with randomized controlled studies, psychodrama group therapy can be used as an intervention to provide lifestyle changes among adolescents with obesity.

Keywords:

psychodrama, obesity, adolescence, eating behavior,

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