Konya’da Dış Ortam Hava Kirliliğine Uzun Süre Maruziyetin Ölümler Üzerine Etkisinin AirQ+ Yazılımı ile İncelenmesi

Dış ortam hava kirliliği, halk sağlığına yönelik en büyük çevresel risklerden biridir ve düşük, orta ve yüksek gelirli ülkelerde herkesi etkileyen bir sorundur. Partikül madde (PM), havada asılı duran katı ve sıvı partiküllerin karışımından oluşan yaygın bir hava kirleticisidir. PM2.5 ve PM10 en yaygın olanlarıdır ve sağlıkla ilgilidir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, Partikül Maddeyi 2013 yılında kanserojen olarak ilan etti. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Konya'da 30 yaş ve üstü yetişkin ölümlerinin ne kadarının PM2.5 kirleticisinin neden olduğu dış hava kirliliğine bağlanabileceğini hesaplamaktır. PM10 ve PM2.5'e atfedilen ölüm vakalarını hesaplamak için AirQ+ yazılımı kullanıldı. Sonuçlar, 2017'de 2163, 2018'de 1582 ve 2019'da 1278 erken ölümün, bölgedeki PM2.5 konsantrasyonunun tavsiye edilen 10 µg/m3 eşiğini aşmaması halinde önlenebileceğini göstermektedir. Konya'da hava kirliliği düzeyi oldukça yüksektir. AirQ+ yazılımı kullanılarak yapılan hesaplamada, Türkiye'de daha önce yapılan araştırmalara benzer şekilde 30 yaş ve üstü nüfusta hava kirliliğine bağlı ölüm oranı yüksek çıkmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular hava kirliliğini önleyerek birçok erken ölümün önlenebileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hava Kirliliği, Mortalite, Erken Ölümler, AirQ+, Partikül Madde

Investigation of the Effect of Long-Term Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution on Deaths in Konya with AirQ+ Software

Outdoor air pollution is one of the biggest environmental risks to public health and a problem that affects everyone in low-, middle- and high-income countries. Particulate matter (PM) is a common air pollutant consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in the air. PM2.5 and PM10 are the most common and are health related. The World Health Organization declared Particulate Matter (PM) as a carcinogen in 2013. The aim of this study was to calculate how much of the adult deaths aged 30 and over in Konya can be attributed to outdoor air pollution caused by PM2.5 pollutant. AirQ+ software was used to calculate the cases of deaths attributed to PM10 and PM2.5. The results show that 2163 premature deaths in 2017, 1582 in 2018 and 1278 in 2019 from long-term exposure to PM2.5 could be prevented if the PM2.5 concentration in the region does not exceed the recommended threshold of 10 µg/m3. Air pollution level is quite high in Konya. In the calculation made using AirQ+ software, the death rate attributable to air pollution in the population aged 30 and over was high, similar to previous studies in Turkey. The findings show that many premature deaths can be prevented by preventing air pollution.

Keywords:

Air Pollution, Mortality, Premature Deaths, AirQ+, Particulate Matter,

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