Yaban Hayatı Ekolojisini Korumak Amacıyla Merkezlik Metriklerinin Kullanılması ve Habitat Bağlantılılık Analizi

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmanın amacı. Siirt peyzajının bölgesel yaban hayatı ve habitat bağlantılarını korumak ve peyzajdaki ekolojik akışların sürekliliğini sağlamak için merkezlik metriklerini kullanarak bir habitat bağlantı analizi yapmaktır. Çalışma alanı: Son yıllarda artan kentleşme eğilimi ve doğal kaynaklar üzerindeki insan etkisi Siirt coğrafyasındaki çeşitliliğin olumsuz etkilenmesine ve parçalanmanın artmasına neden olmaktadır. Peyzajdaki bağlantının yeniden kurulması ve sürdürülmesi açısından merkezlik metrikleri Siirt peyzajında örneklenmiştir. Materyal ve yöntem: Siirt peyzajında çekirdek alanları tanımlamak için 1/100.000 ölçekli Çevre Düzeni Planı kullanılmıştır. Bu plandaki tüm arazi örtüsü/arazi kullanımları Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri kullanılarak sayısallaştırılmıştır. En düşük maliyetli yol yöntemi ile peyzaj bağlantı koridorları tanımlanmış, merkezlik metrikleri için de devre teorisi kullanılmıştır. Temel sonuçlar: Siirt peyzajında en güçlü akış merkeziliğine sahip çekirdek alan 14.6 değeriyle orman, en zayıf akış merkeziliğine sahip çekirdek alan 8.23 ile bataklıktır. Birbiriyle en kolay ve en güçlü bağlantıyı kuran çekirdek alanların sulak alan-mera, mera-jeolojik açıdan sakıncalı alan ve mera-ekolojik alan olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırma vurguları: Çekirdek alanlar arasındaki mesafe ne kadar büyükse, türler ve habitatlar arasındaki bağlantı derecesi o kadar zayıftır. Çekirdek alanlar arasındaki mesafenin artması ekolojik akışı olumsuz etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Merkezlik metrikleri, Devre teorisi, Habitat Bağlantılılığı, En Düşük Maliyetli Yol, Ekolojik Akış.

Use of Centrality Metrics to Protect Wildlife Ecology and Habitat Connectivity Analysis

Aim of study: Aim of this study was to conduct a habitat connectivity analysis using centrality metrics to protect the regional wildlife-habitat connections of the Siirt landscape, and to ensure the continuity of ecological flows in the landscape. Area of study: Increasing urbanisation trend in recent years and human impact on natural resources cause the diversity in Siirt landscape to be negatively affected. Centrality metrics were sampled in Siirt landscape in terms of re-establishing and maintaining the connectivity in the landscape. Material and methods: Environmental Plan was used to define the core areas. Land cover/land uses were digitised using Geographical Information Systems. Firstly, landscape connectivity corridors defined with least-cost-path and secondly, current flow centrality was used with circuit theory. Main results: The core area with the strongest flow centrality was forest, with a value of 14.6, and the core area with the weakest flow centrality was marsh at 8.23. The core areas that establish the easiest and strongest connection with each other are wetland-pasture, pasture-geologically reserved area, and pasture-ecological area. Highlights: The greater the distance between core areas, the weaker the degree of connectivity between species and habitats. Increasing the distance between core areas negatively affects the ecological flow.

Keywords:

Centrality Metrics, Circuit Theory, Habitat Connectivity, Least-Cost-Path, Ecological Flow.,

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