Spatiotemporal Change of Carbon Storage in Forest Biomass: A case Study in Köprülü Canyon National Park

Orman ekosistemleri, özellikle de korunan alanlar iklim değişiminde çok önemli role sahiptir. Köprülü Kanyon’un 1973 yılında Milli Park (MP) olarak ilan edilmesiyle, bu bölge önemli bir karbon (C) havuzu haline gelmiştir. Bu potansiyeli ortaya koyabilmek, milli C bütçesine katkısını tespit etmek, orman dinamiğini kavrayabilmek ve bu konuları gelecekteki park planlamalarında değerlendirebilmek amacıyla, orman biyokütlesindeki 1965 ile 2008 yılları arasında meydana gelen C depolama miktarı tahmin edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İki periyot için yapılan orman envanterine bağlı olarak, orman biyokütle C havuzunu tahmin edebilmek amacıyla Biyokütle Çevrim Faktörü (BEF) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular toprak altı ve toprak üstü C depolama miktarında, temelde orman ekosistemindeki hacim ve gelişim çağlarında meydana gelen iyileşmeye bağlı olarak bir periyottan diğerine, toprak üstü tutulan karbon miktarında olduğu gibi % 46’ya varan belirgin değişimin olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Köprülü Kanyon MP’da 1965 yılında 3.21 Tg C olan karbon depolama miktarı, iki periyot arasında yıllık 0.28 Mg C yr-1 ha-1 artışla 2008 yılında 3.56 Tg C’a artmıştır. Bu belirgin değişim, aynı zamanda orman alanlarındaki 530.0 ha. (1.84%) artış nedeniyle orman dinamiğindeki değişimin bir yansımasıdır. Diğer taraftan, C depolama miktarındaki bu orandaki değişim, aynı dönemde toplam parça sayısının 238’den 672’e neredeyse üç katına çıkmasına ve ortalama parça büyüklüğünün 1615.0 ha’dan 425.3 ha’a belirgin olarak düşmesine karşın, olumsuz olarak etkilenmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, milli parkların planlanmasında, C depolama miktarı üzerinde önemli derecede etkili olan orman dinamiği ve arazi kullanım/arazi örtüsü değişiminin incelenmesi gerekli olmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Karbon depolama, Arazi kullanımı/Arazi örtüsü değişimi, CBS, Konumsal indeksler, Orman dinamiği

Spatiotemporal Change of Carbon Storage in Forest Biomass: A case Study in Köprülü Canyon National Park

Forest ecosystems, especially protected forest areas play a key role in climate change mitigation. With the declaring Köprülü Canyon as a National Park (NP) since 1973, this region has likely become an important carbon (C) sink. To quantify this potential, understand its implication to the national C budget, comprehend the forest dynamics and evaluate these issues in future park planning, we estimated the changes in forest biomass C storage between 1965 and 2008. Based on the two periods of forest inventory, we used Biomass Expansion Factors (BEFs) to estimate the forest biomass C pool. The quantitative evidences presented here showed that there were drastic changes in C stock in above and below ground forest ecosystem increased nearly by 46% from one period to the other due mainly to the increase of growing stock and quality of forest ecosystem structure. Köprülü Canyon NP has accumulated 3.21 Tg C increasing from 3.56 Tg C in 1965 to 1.98 in 2008, at a rate of 0.28 Gg C yr-1 ha-1 between two periods. These certain C stock changes are also reflection of forest dynamics resulting in compatible with temporal changes with a net increase of 530.0 ha (1.84%) of forested areas or stands. On the other hand, such rate of increase in C was not influenced negatively by total number of patches increased from 238 to 672 almost tripled, and the mean patch size of the land cover/land use classes dropped markedly from 1615.0 ha to 425.3 ha. in the same period. In conclusion, landscape dynamics and effects of land use/land cover changes on the amount of C storage are necessary for national park planning

Keywords:

Carbon storage, Land use/Land cover change, GIS, landscape metrics, Forest dynamics,

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(Mg C ha-1 yr-1) 0.04
Forest Inventory (FI)
Camili, Turkey 1984-2005
Sivrikaya et al., (2007) Land use change Conterminous US 1980s 0.08
Houghton et al. (1999) FI
Türkoğlu, K.Maraş 1991-2002 0.11
Sivrikaya and Bozali (2012) Tolunay (2011) FI
Turkey Forests 1990-2005 0.21 FI
Köprülü Canyon NP 1965-2008 0.28 This Study FI
Torul, Turkey 1984-2005 0.29 Keleş et al. (2012) FI Conterminous US 1980s 0.31
Turner et al. (1995)
Forest Inventory and
Ecosystem Model (FIEM) 1990-2005 0.38
Woodbury et al. (2007) FI
Conterminous US 1952-1992 0.4
Birdsey and Heath (1995) Hurtt et al. (2002) FIEM Conterminous US 1980s 0.4 FI
Piedmont 1936-2005 0.44 Hu and Wang (2008) FI
Artvin, Turkey 1972-2002 0.67
Sivrikaya et al., (2007)
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