Nijerya'da Doğal Kaynakların Kullanımında Çatışma ve Park Yönetiminin Değerlendirilmesi

Çalışmanın amacı: Milli parkların oluşumu koruma ile teşvik edilmiştir. Ancak, park yöneticileri ve parkı barındıran rustik topluluklarla çatışma var. Barışçıl bir arada yaşamayı sağlamak için orman kaynaklarının insan tarafından kullanımını düzenleme ihtiyacı gerekli hale geliyor. Çalışma alanı: Okomu Ulusal Parkı, Edo Eyaleti, Nijerya çalışma alanıdır. Materyal ve yöntem: Ev sahibi topluluklardan yüz elli katılımcı ve Okomu Milli Parkı'nın 20 personeli, yapılandırılmış anket kullanılarak rastgele seçilmiştir. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılarak analiz edildi. Sonuçlar: Topluluk üyelerinin çoğu (%86.0) parka rehberlik eden yasanın farkındaydı, ancak park görevlileri tarafından farkındalık yaratılmasına (%80.0) bakılmaksızın kararlıydı (%40.0). Çiftliklerin fauna tarafından tahrip edilmesi ve park yöneticilerinin sosyal sorumluluklarını yerine getirememesi (%20.0) (Personel) ve parkın sosyal sorumluluğu yerine getirememesi (%20.0) (topluluklar) başlıca çatışma kaynaklarıydı. Barış içinde bir arada yaşama için diyalog (%26.0) ve yoğun destek bölgesi programı (%20.0) sırasıyla toplum ve personel tarafından önerildi. Önemli vurgular: Ev sahibi topluluklar ve park yönetimi arasında çatışmalar belirgindi. Bunun altında yatan neden, ev sahibi toplulukların kaynaklara erişimden yoksun kalması ve park yöneticilerinin sosyal sorumluluklarını yerine getirememesidir. Parktan topluluklara palyatif/fayda sağlamanın çatışma çözme yöntemi parkların korunmasına yardımcı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çatışmalar, Park Yönetimi, Doğal Kaynaklar, Milli Park

Evaluation of Conflicts and Parks Management in The Utilization of Natural Resources in Nigeria

Aim of study: National parks establishment was stimulated by conservation. However, conflicts exist with park managers and rustic communities hosting the park. The need to regulate utilization of forest resources by man to ensuring peaceful coexistence becomes necessary. Area of study: Okomu National Park, Edo State, Nigeria was the study area. Material and methods: One hundred and fifty respondents from host communities and 20 staff of Okomu National Park were randomly selected and structured questionnaire administered to them. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Main results: Most (86.0%) of community member were aware of law guiding park but were adamant (40.0%) regardless of awareness creation by park officers (80.0%). Destruction of farms by fauna and inability of park managers to fulfill their social responsibilities (20.0%) (Staff) and inability of park to carry out social responsibility (20.0%) (communities) were the major conflict sources. Dialog (26.0%) and intensive support zone programme (20.0%) were suggested by community and staff respectively for peaceful coexistence. Highlights: Conflicts were evident between host communities and park management. The underlying cause is deprivation of host communities from accessing resources and parks manager inability to fulfill their social responsibilities. Conflict resolution method of supply of palliative/benefit from park to communities will aid parks conservation.

Keywords:

Conflicts, Park Management, Natural Resources, National Park,

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