Isı Şoku Protein Ailesinden Hsp70 Genlerinin Okaliptüs Genomunda Saptanması ve Karakterizasyonu

Isı şoku proteinleri (Heat shock proteins: Hsp), birçok canlıda hücre büyümesi ve canlılığının devamı için kritik öneme sahiptir. Hsp70 proteinleri, Hsp’lerin bir sınıfıdır ve yeni sentezlenmiş veya yanlış katlanmış proteinlerin katlanmasında, bir araya gelerek çökmesinin engellenmesinde, membran boyunca taşınmasında ve düzenleyici proteinlerin aktivitesinin kontrolünde rol alırlar. Okaliptüs (Eucalyptus grandis), evrimsel ve ekolojik durumu ve marjinal bölgelere uyum yetenekleri sebebiyle çok yıllık bitkilerin biyolojisi ve evrimi hakkında önemli bilgilere ulaşılmasını sağlayabilecek önemli bir bitkidir. Tüm genom dizisi çıkarılan okaliptüste Hsp proteinleri henüz belirlenmemiştir. Bu amaçla, bu önemli bitkide biyoinformatik araçlar kullanılarak 21 adet Hsp70 geni (EgHsp70) tanımlanmıştır. En fazla EgHsp70 geni (7 adet) 10. okaliptüs kromozomu üzerinde bulunurken 1, 2, 4 ve 11. kromozomlarda bu genlere rastlanmamıştır. Evrimsel ilişkilerini tespit etmek amacıyla belirlenen proteinler için filogenetik ağaç oluşturulmuştur. Bu ağaca göre EgHsp70 proteinleri 5 ayrı sınıfa ayrılmış ve aynı sınıfta yer alan proteinlerin gen yapısının benzer ekzon-intron organizasyonuna sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Okaliptüs Hsp70 proteinlerinin tahmini moleküler fonksiyon şekli, bağlanma aktivitesi olurken, biyolojik işlevlerinin ise organizmaya özgü ve metabolik işlevlerdeki rolleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hücrede en çok yerleşim gösterdikleri yerler organel, hücre içi veya hücre bölümü kısımları olurken, tahmini sekonder yapılarında sıklıkla α-heliks zincirlerinin bulunduğu ve bu proteinlerin tamamının asidik karakterde (pI<7) olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çalışma, EgHsp70 genlerinin fonksiyonlarının çalışılması için sonraki çalışmalara ışık tutucu niteliktedir ve farklı türlerde Hsp70 genlerinin evriminin anlaşılmasına önemli katkılar sağlayabilir.

Determination and Characterization of Hsp70 Genes from Heat Shock Protein Family in Eucalyptus Genome

Abstract Heat shock proteins (Hsp) are critically important for cellular development and viability in many organisms. Hsp70 proteins are a group of Hsps and responsible for folding of newly synthesized or misfolded proteins, prevention of their aggregation, carriage of them along the membrane and control of regulatory protein activities. Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis) is an important plant to reach considerable knowledge about biology and evolution of perennial plants due to its evolutionary and ecological position and ability to adapt to marginal regions. Whole genome sequence of eucalyptus was analyzed but Hsps have not been determined yet. Using bioinformatics tools, 21 Hsp70 genes (EgHsp70) were determined in this important plant. The highest number of EgHsp70 genes were located on the 10th chromosome (7 genes) but 1st, 2nd, 4th and 11th chromosomes do not carry Hsp70 genes on them. Phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine evolutionary relationships of defined proteins. According to phylogenetic tree, EgHsp70 proteins were divided into 5 clusters and proteins which were in the same clusters had similar exon-intron organization. Predicated molecular function style of eucalyptus Hsp70 proteins was binding activity and their roles in single organism process and metabolic process determined as their biological activities. They were found mostly in the inner part of the cell, organelle or cell parts and their predicated secondary structures were constructed by mostly α-helix chains and all these proteins were acidic (pI<7). This study may be instructive for further researches and may be helpful for understanding of evolution of Hsp70 genes in different species. Keywords: Heat shock proteins (Hsp), Eucalyptus grandis, genome wide identification, gene ontology analysis, phylogenetic tree

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