Bilgi Paylaşma Davranışları Ölçeği: Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması1

Sanal uygulama topluluklarında bireylerin bilgi paylaşma süreçlerine neden katıldıklarının anlaşılması topluluk üyelerinin bilgi paylaşma davranışlarının desteklenmesi ve teşvik edilmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır. Ülkemizdeki çalışmalar incelendiğinde kültürümüze uygun sanal uygulama topluluğu üyelerinin bilgi paylaşma davranışlarını etkileyen faktörleri ölçmeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir araca rastlanılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada sanal uygulama topluluğu üyelerinin bilgi paylaşma davranışlarını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Madde havuzunun hazırlanmasında alanyazından ve çalışma grubunu oluşturan topluluklara üye 19 üye ile yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerden yararlanılmıştır. Görüşme kayıtları içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları bilgi paylaşma davranışlarını etkileyen etmenlerin bağlamsal ve kişisel faktörler altında toplandığını göstermiştir. Ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik çözümlemeleri çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 300 üyeden elde edilen veriler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda, 5'li likert tipinde ve 21 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin; "Yardım etmekten mutlu olmak", "Saygı", "Yararlılık/Uygunluk", "Güven" ve "Fedakarlık" olarak adlandırılan toplam beş boyutlu bir yapıdan oluştuğu ortaya çıkmıştır

Developing a Scale to Measure Knowledge Sharing Behaviours

It is vital to understand why people participate in knowledge sharing processes in virtual community of practices (VCoPs) to encourage knowledge sharing behaviours (KBSs) of community members. Till now, no effort has been put into developing a valid and reliable measure of KSB in Turkish culture. The primary purpose of this study is to develop a new measure of KSB. We used a combination of literature review and semi-structured interviews with 19 community members to develop an item pool. Qualitative analysis of the interview data showed that factors affecting KSB are twofold: contextual and personal factors. The validity and reliability studies of the scale were conducted on 300 members of VCoPs. The KSB scale developed in this study is a five-dimensional, twenty-one-item, five-response choice frequency scale. The scale includes "enjoy helping", "respect", "usefulness/relevancy", "trust" and "altruism" dimensions

PDF

___

Akkoyunlu, B., Orhan, F. ve Umay, A. (2005). Bilgisayar Öğretmenleri İçin "Bilgisayar Öğretmenliği Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği" Geliştirme Çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 29, 1-8.
Alam, S. S., Abdullah, Z., Ishak, N. A. & Zain, Z. M. (2009). Assessing knowledge sharing behaviour among employees in SMEs: An empirical study. International Business Research, 2(2), 115-22.
Amerikan Verimlilik ve Kalite Merkezi (American Productivity & Quality Center), (2000). Build- ing and Sustaining Communities of Practice: Continuing in Knowledge Management. Hous- ton: American Productivity & Quality Center.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundation of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Engle- wood Cliff, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Baran, B. (2007). A Case Study of Online Communities of Practice for Teacher Education: Motivators, Barriers and Outcomes. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Turkey.
Chang, H. H. & Chuang, S.-S. (2011). Social capital and individual motivations on knowledge sharing: Participant involvement as a moderator. Information & Management, 48(1), 9-18.
Chen, I. Y. L., Chen, N.-S. & Kinshuk. (2009). Examining the Factors Influencing Participants' Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Virtual Learning Communities. Educational Technology & Society, 12(1), 134-148.
Chiu, C.-M., Hsu, M.-H. & Wang, E. T. G. (2006). Understanding Knowledge Sharing In Virtual Communities: An Integration of Social Capital and Social Cognitive Theories. Decision Sup- port Systems, 42(3), 1872-1888.
Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İsta- tistik SPSS ve Lisrel Uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Davenport, T. H. & Prusak, L. (1998).Working knowledge. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Dixon, N. M. (2000). Common knowledge: How companies thrive by sharing what they know. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Dubé, L., Bourhis, A. & Jacob, R. (2006). Towards a Typology of Virtual Communities of Practice. Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management, 1, 69-93.
Erhardt, N. (2003). Enablers and barriers for individuals'willingness and ability to share knowled- ge: an exploratory study. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University.
Fang, Y.-H. & Chiu, C.-M. (2010). In justice we trust: Exploring knowledge-sharing continuance intentions in virtual communities of practice. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(2), 235-246.
Gross, N. & Kluge, A. (2012). "Why should I share what I know?" -Antecedents for enhancing knowledge-sharing behavior and its impact on shared mental models in steel production. Pro- ceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 56(1), 403-407.
Holsapple, C. W. & Joshi, K. D. (2002). Knowledge Management: A Threefold Framework. Infor- mation Society, 18(1), 47-64.
Hsu, M.-H., Ju, T. L., Yen, C.-H. & Chang, C.-M. (2007). Knowledge sharing behavior in virtual communities: The relationship between trust, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations. Inter- national Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 65(2), 153-169.
Hung, S.-Y., Durcikova, A., Lai, H.-M. & Lin, W.-M. (2011). The influence of intrinsic and ex- trinsic motivation on individuals' knowledge sharing behavior. International Journal of Hu- man-Computer Studies, 69(6), 415-427.
Johnson, C. (2001). A Survey of Current Research on Online Communities of Practice. The Inter- net and Higher Education, 4(1), 45-60.
Kalaycı, Ş. (Editör). (2006). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. (İkinci Baskı). Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
Kankanhalli, A., Tan, B. C. & Wei, K. K. (2005). Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowl- edge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 113-143. doi: citeu- like-article-id:3480809
Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology. USA: SAGE Publications.
Lave, J. & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cam- bridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Lee, H. S., & Hong, S. A. (2014). Factors Affecting Hospital Employees' Knowledge Sharing Intention and Behavior, and Innovation Behavior. Osong Public Health and Research Per- spectives, 5(3), 148-155. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.04.006
Lee, J. (2001). The impact of knowledgesharing, organizational capability and partnership quality on IS outsourcing success. Information & Management, 38(5), 323--335.
Leech, N. L., Barrett, K. C. ve Morgan, G. A. (2005). SPSS for Intermediate Statistics: Use and Interpretation. (Second Edition). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Lin, C.-A. & Chen, M.-C. (2009). Factors affecting teachers' knowledge sharing behaviours and motivation: system that work. eLAC.
Lin, M.-J. J., Hung, S.-W. & Chen, C.-J. (2009). Fostering the determinants of knowledge sharing in professional virtual communities. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(4), 929-939.
Ma, W. W., & Chan, A. (2014). Knowledge sharing and social media: Altruism, perceived online attachment motivation, and perceived online relationship commitment. Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 51-58.
Perik, H.T.M. (2014) Research into factors that influence the intention to share knowledge on a knowledge community platform within youth care: the case of "Jeugdkwartier".
Stanoevska-Slabeva, K. & Schmid, B. F. (2001). A Typology of Online Communities and Commu- nity Supporting Platforms. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.
Tavşancıl, E. (2005). Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi. (İkinci Baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayınları. No 399.
Yi, J. (2005). A measure of knowledge sharing behavior: Scale development and validation. Un- published 3204302, Indiana University, United States -- Indiana.
Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2005). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. (5. Basım). An- kara: Seçkin Yayınları.
Yu, T.-K., Lu, L.-C. & Liu, T.-F. (2010). Exploring Factors That Influence Knowledge Sharing Behavior via Weblogs. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(1), 32-41.
Wang, S. & Noe, R. A. (2010). Knowledge sharing: A review and directions for future research. Human Resource Management Review, 20(2), 115-131.
Wasko, M. M., & Faraj, S. (2000). "It is what one does": why people participate and help others in electronic communities of practice. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 9(2), 155-173.
Wasko, M., & Faraj, S. (2005). Why should I share? Examining social capital and knowledge contribution in electronic networks of practice. MIS Quarterly, 29, 35-57.
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wenger, E., McDermott, R. & Snyder, W. (2002). Cultivating communities of practice: A guide to managing knowledge. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.