Bayram Bilge SAĞLAM, Egemen ERTÜRK, Resul TEPE

Türkiye’de Yetkilendirilmiş Yükümlü Statüsü Programı: Tedarik Zinciri Perspektifiyle Faydaların ve Zorlukların Değerlendirilmesi

Yetkilendirilmiş Yükümlü Statüsü (YYS), temelleri gümrük-işletme işbirliğine dayanacak şekilde Dünya Gümrük Örgütü (DGÖ) tarafından hazırlanmış bir programdır. Programın temel amacı, gümrük idareleri tarafından belirlenen gerekli kriteri yerine getirebilen güvenilir ve düşük riskli firmaların tespiti ve sertifikasyonudur. Tedarik zinciri açısından, bu belgeye sahip olmak; uluslar arası ticaret sürecinde kalite ve güvenlik artışı ile zaman ve maliyet tasarrufu gibi faydalar sağlamaktadır. Programın 2013’te Türkiye’de uygulamaya girmesinden itibaren 267 firma bu belgeyi almış ve katılımcı firmalar programın başlarında karşılaştıkları güçlükler ile gelinen noktada tecrübe etmeye başladıkları faydalarını değerlendirebilecek konuma ulaşmışlardır. Buna bağlı olarak bu çalışma Türkiye’deki YYS programının etkilerini nitel araştırma yöntemi ile tedarik zinciri perspektifinden YYS sahibi firmaların tecrübe ettiği güçlükleri ve faydaları göz önünde bulundurarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bulgular göstermektedir ki firmaların maliyet ve zaman tasarrufu, firma prestiji ve tedarik zinciri performansı ile ilgili beklentileri karşılanmıştır. Buna rağmen firmaların başvuru sürecinde yaşadıkları güçlükler halen mevcuttur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

yetkilendirilmiş yükümlü statüsü, gümrük, tedarik zinciri paydaşları, uluslar arası ticaret

Authorized Economic Operator Program in Turkey: Evaluation of Benefits and Challenges from the Supply Chain Perspective

Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) is a program that is introduced by World Customs Organization (WCO) with its foundations built on customs-business cooperation. The main aim of the program is identifying and certifying the low-risk, trustworthy firms that meet the necessary criteria set by the customs administrations. From the supply chain perspective, acquiring this certification will provide benefits such as improved quality, security and reduced time and costs throughout the international trade process. Since its adaption by Turkey in 2013, 267 firms have acquired this certification and the participating firms reached a point that they can evaluate the challenges they had faced in the early stages of the program and the benefits they have now started to experience. Therefore this study aims to evaluate the effects of AEO program in Turkey by carrying out a qualitative research with supply chain perspective by focusing on the benefits and challenges AEO holders have experienced. Findings reveal that the expectations regarding cost savings, time reduction, and increased firm reputation, supply chain performance and security are met; whereas the challenges faced during the application process are still present.

Keywords:

authorized economic operator, customs, supply chain stakeholders, international trade,

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