Giresun Pazarlarında Satışa Sunulan Peynir Örneklerinden Enterococcus faecalis izolasyonu, Moleküler Tanımlanması ve Antibiyotik Duyarlılıklarının Araştırılması

Enterokoklar, gıda kontaminasyonundan sorumlu, mevcut virülansları ve çoklu ilaca dirençleri nedeniyle hastane ortamında salgın bir tehdit oluşturabilen fırsatçı patojenlerdir. Bu çalışma, pazarlarda satılan tulum peyniri örneklerindeki Enterococcus faecalis ( E. faecalis) kontaminasyonunu ve elde edilen izolatların 17 farklı antibiyotiğe karşı dirençliliklerini araştırmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Giresun İli, 8 sahil ilçesinde kurulan pazarlardan temin edilen toplam 50 adet tulum peynir örneği materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre; 50 adet tulum peyniri örneğinin 15 (%30) tanesinin E. faecalis ile kontamine olduğu belirlenmiştir. PCR ile doğrulanan 15 E. faecalis izolatının, 6(%40)'sının tetrasiklin'e, 4(%26.6)'ünün rifampin'e, 4(%26.6)'ünün teikoplanin'ine, 3(%20)'ünün siprofloksasin'e, 3(%20)'ünün kloramfenikol'e, 2(%13.3)'sinin eritromisin'e, 2(%13.3)'sinin levofloksasin'e ve 2(%13.3)'sinin fosfomisin'e karşı dirençli olduğu belirlenmiştir. E. faecalis izolatlarında vankomisin direnci %93.3 olarak tespit edilmiştir. İzole edilen suşlarda yüksek düzey streptomisin direnci ve yüksek düzey gentamisin direnci saptanmamıştır. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda, peynir örneklerinde bu patojenin saptanması, halk sağlığını ciddi anlamda etkileyen potansiyel risk faktörü olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çiftlikten sofraya kadar gelen süreçte; ürünlerin işlenmesi, tüketilmesi ve satışı sırasında gerekli hijyen tedbirlerinin alınması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tulum peyniri, Enterococcus faecalis, MALDI-TOF MS, antibiyotik duyarlılığı, gıda hijyeni, halk sağlığı

Isolation, Molecular Identification and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Enterococcus faecalis from Cheese Samples Sold in Giresun Public Markets

Enterococci are opportunistic pathogens responsible for food contamination that can pose an epidemic threat in the hospital setting due to their current virulence and multidrug resistance. This study was carried out to investigate the contamination E. faecalis in the samples of tulum cheese sold in the public markets and antibiotic resistance to 17 different antibiotics of the obtained isolates. A total of 50 tulum cheese samples were used as a material obtained from public markets 8 coastal districts of Giresun province. According to the results of the analysis; 15 out of 50 tulum cheese samples (30%) were found contaminated with E. faecalis. Two isolates against (13.3%) fosfomycin, 2 isolates against (13.3%) levofloxacin, 2 isolates against (13.3%) erythromycin, 4 isolates against (26.6%) teicoplanin, 4 isolates against (26.6%) rifampin and 6 isolates against (40%) tetracycline resistance was confirmed by PCR in 15 E. faecalis isolates. Vancomycin resistance was found to be 93.3% in E. faecalis isolates. None of the strains showed resistance to high level streptomycin and high level gentamicin. As a result of the detection of this pathogen in cheese samples, there is a potential risk factor that seriously affects public health. From farm to table, it is recommended to take necessary hygiene measures during processing, consumption, and sale of the products.

Keywords:

Tulum cheese, Enterococcus faecalis, MALDI-TOF MS, PCR, antibiotic sensitivity,

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