SARS-CoV-2 Hangi Dokularda Patolojiye Neden Oluyor?

COVID-19 pandemi süreci Aralık 2019’da Çin’de başlamıştır. COVID-19 hastalığına neden olan virüs SARS-CoV-2’dir ve mutasyon geçirmeye devam ederek kendi alt türlerini oluşturmaktadır. Çin'de ve dünya genelinde vaka sayısındaki hızlı artış nedeniyle DSÖ, 11 Mart 2020'de SARS-CoV-2’nin neden olduğu COVID-19 hastalığı için, pandemi ilan etmiştir. SARS-CoV-2 özellikle akciğer parankimini etkilemekte ve etkilenen hastalar, asemptomatik enfeksiyonlardan ölümle sonuçlanan ciddi süreçlere kadar çeşitli klinik belirtiler gösterebilmektedir. Ayrıca, COVID-19 hastalarında en çok solunum tutulumu görülmekte, ancak virüs diğer organ sistemlerini de etkileyebilmektedir. Virüsün hücrelere girerken bir kapı gibi kullandığı reseptör ACE2’dir ve birçok hücre tipinde eksprese olmaktadır. Bu nedenle de virüs sistemik inflamasyon ile gastrointestinal, kardiyovasküler, hematolojik, renal, kas-iskelet, nöroloji, üriner ve üreme sisteminde dokulara hasar vermektedir. Sonuç olarak, SARS-COV-2, halen alt tipleri ile etkisini devam ettirmektedir. SARS-CoV-2’nin farklı hücrelerde ve dokularda neden olduğu hasarın erken teşhis edilmesi ve tedavi seçeneklerinin erken uygulanmaya başlanması faydalı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, ACE2 reseptörü, COVID-19 patolojileri

In Which Tissues Does SARS-CoV-2 Cause Pathology?

The COVID-19 pandemic process started in China in December 2019. The virus is SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 disease and SARS-CoV-2 continues to mutate, forming its own subspecies. Due to the rapid increase in the number of cases in China and worldwide, WHO declared a pandemic on 11 March 2020 for the COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 particularly affects the lung parenchyma, and affected patients may present with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe processes resulting in death. Moreover, respiratory involvement is most common in COVID-19 patients, but the virus can also affect other organ systems. The receptor that is ACE2 is used like a gate for the virus when entering cells and is expressed in many cell types. For this reason, the virus damages many tissues such as gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hematological, renal, musculoskeletal, neurology, urinary and reproductive systems with systemic inflammation. As a result, SARS-CoV-2 still continues its effect with its subtypes. Early diagnosis of the damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 in different cells and tissues and early application of treatment options will be beneficial.

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, ACE2 receptor, The pathologies of COVID-19,

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