Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in chickens in Afyonkarahisar district, Turkey
Bu çalışma, yoğun olarak tavuk yetiştiriciliği ve yumurta üretimi yapılan Afyonkarahisar Bölgesinde tavuklarda mide-bağırsak helmintlerinin yaygınlığını ortaya koymak için yapılmıştır. Araştırma, 10 tane modern çiftlikten 200 adet broyler, 10 tane modern çiftlikten 200 adet yumurtacı tavuk ve 100 adet serbest olarak yetiştirilen tavuk üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nekropsi bulgularına göre, broyler tavuklarda hiçbir helmint türüne rastlanmamıştır. Toplam 4 modern yumurtacı tavuk çiftliğinde tavukların 23 tanesinde (%11.5) Choanotaenia infundibulum tespit edilmiştir. Serbest yetiştirilen köy tavuklarının 58 (%58) tanesi çeşitli helmint türleri ile enfekte olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Serbest yetiştirilen köy tavuklarında enfeksiyondan sorumlu helmintler: Heterakis gallinarum %38, Ascaridia galli %19, C. obsignata %15, Capillaria caudinflata %13, Trichostrongylus tenuis %3, Subulura differens %2, Choanotaenia infundibulum %14, Raillietina echinobothrida %6, R. cesticillus %3’tur. Serbest yetiştirilen tavuklarda en sıklıkla görülen helmint türü H. gallinarum ve en az görülen tür ise S. differens’tir. Altısı nematod ve 3’ü cestod olmak üzere toplam 9 tür helmint tespit edilmiştir. Enfekte tavuklarda en az bir, en fazla 3 helmint türü teşhis edilmiştir. Nekropsi ve dışkı bakısında trematod bulunmamıştır. Nekropsi ve dışkı bakıları yapılan 500 tavuğun 81 tanesi (%16.2) çeşitli helmint türleri ile enfekte bulunmuştur. Modern işletmelerde yetiştirilen tavuklarda helmint enfeksiyonları, serbest yetiştirilen tavuklara göre enfeksiyon oranı ve enfeksiyondan sorumlu tür sayısı bakımından daha az olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Afyonkarahisar bölgesi tavuklarında mide bağırsak helmintlerinin yayılışı
This study was carried out in Afyonkarahisar region of Western Turkey, where chickens and eggs are produced intensively, for determining the prevalence of the gastro-intestinal helminths in chicken. This research was conducted on 200 broilers, collected from 10 modern farms, 200 layer hens, from different 10 modern farms and on 100 free ranging backyard chickens. According to the necropsy findings, none of gastro-intestinal helminths was found in broiler chickens. In total 4 modern layer farms, Choanotaenia infundibulum was detected in 23 (11.5%) chickens out of 200. A total of 58 (58%) free-range backyard chickens were infected with various helminth species, which were: Heterakis gallinarum 38%, Ascaridia galli 19%, C. obsignata 15%, Capillaria caudinflata 13%, Trichostrongylus tenuis 3%, Subulura differens 2%, Choanotaenia infundibulum 14%, Raillietina echinobothrida 6%, R. cesticillus %3. The predominantly seen helminth species was H. gallinarum (38%) and the rarely seen species was S. differens (2%). In total 9 species were detected, which 6 of them were nematodes and 3 of them were cestodes. In infected chickens, minimum one and maximum 3 helminth species were detected. No trematode species was detected in necropsied and fecal examinated chickens. A total of 81 (16.2%) chickens out of 500 were found infected with various helminth species in necropsy and fecal examination. The helminth infection rates and species numbers in modern farms obtained less than in free-ranging systems.
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