İbrahim KÜRTÜL, Şükrü Hakan ATALGIN, KADİR ASLAN, Emine Ümran BOZKURT

Ossification and growth of the bones of the wings and legs in prehatching period of the Hubbert strain broiler

Kanatlı embryoları ile ilgili son yapılan deneysel araştırmalar, iskelet mutasyonlarını ve laboratuvar şartlarındaki embryoların gelişimlerini araştırmak ve analiz etmek ve yeni ilaçların teratojenik sonuçlarını ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla dizayn edilmişlerdir. Ayrıca, kanatlıların normal iskelet gelişim aşamaları, bu çalışmalarda elde edilen bulguların yorumlanması ve açıklanmasında önemli göstergeler ve vazgeçilemez parametrelerdir. Bu duruma paralel olarak bu çalışma, Hubbert ırkı broylerlerde kuluçkanın 7.-21. günleri arasında her 24 saatte 10 adet embryonun kanat ve bacak kemiklerinin kemikleşme ve gelişim süreçlerini ortaya koymak amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Embryolar %10 formol ve %95 etanol solusyonlarında tespit edildikten sonra temizlenmiş ve iskeletler in toto olarak Alcian mavisi ve Alizarin kırmızısı ile boyanmıştır. İskeletlerin incelenmesi, ölçümler ve fotoğraflama kıkırdaklaşma ve kemikleşme zamanları dikkate alınarak stereomikroskop altında yapılmıştır. Primer kemikleşme merkezlerinin ilk oluşumu inkubasyonun 9. gününde gözlemleşmiştir. Kanat ve bacaklarda bulunan uzun ve kısa kemiklerinde farklı büyüme modelleri ortaya konmuştur. İnkubasyonun 19. gününde, radial ve ulnar karpal kemikleri haricindeki tüm kemiklerde kemikleşme merkezleri gözlemlenmiş olup, mevcut iskelet şekli erişkin iskeletine benzerlik göstermiştir. Radial ve ulnar karpal kemikler çıkım anında hala kıkırdaksal taslaklar halinde ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

büyüme, mutasyon, embriyonik gelişim, kemik formasyonu, etlik piliç, radius, kümes hayvanları, iskelet gelişimi, ulna, kanatlar, tavuk, civciv embriyoları, kemikleşme, bacaklar

Hubbert ırkı broylerlerde kuluçka döneminde kanat ve bacak kemiklerinin kemikleşme ve gelişimleri

Recent researches in the field of experimental embryology of avian species are designed to investigate and analyze skeletal mutations, development of cultured embryos under artificial conditions, and to reveal the teratogenic consequences of new drugs. Thus, data on the normal skeletogenous stages of the avian species are essential indicators and indispensable parameters to interpret and elucidate the data acquired on these studies. Accordingly, a number of 10 embryos were prepared every 24 h from 7 to 21 days of incubation, to report the ossification and growth of the bones of the wing and limb in the prehatching period of the Hubbert strain broiler (JV). The embryos fixed in 10% formaldehyde then 95% ethanol solutions were cleared and the skeletons were stained in toto with alcian blue&alizarin red for cartilage and ossified components, respectively. Observation of the skeletons, measurements and photography were performed under a stereoscopic microscopy, paying particular attention to the timing of chondrification and ossification of the bones. The first occurrence of the primary ossification centers was observed on the 9th day of incubation. Different growth patterns were indicated between the long and short bones of the wings and legs. On the 19th days of incubation, occurence of all the ossification centers completed in all the bones except the radial and ulnar carpal bones, resembling those of the gross structural shapes of the mature stages. At hatching, the radial and ulnar carpal bones were still chondrotic drafts.

Keywords:

growth, mutations, embryonic development, bone formation, broilers, radius, poultry, skeletal development, ulna, wings, fowls, chick embryos, ossification, legs,

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