Occurrence of ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Cubed Beef Samples

Genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz (GSBL)-üreten Enterobacteriaceae tüm Dünya'da halk sağlığı açısından ciddi endişelere yol açmaktadır. GSBL-üreten bakteriler, bakteriyel infeksiyonlara karşı kullanılan modern beta-laktam antibiyotikleri işlevselliklerini olumsuz şekilde etkilemekte ve aynı zamanda farklı ve/veya türdeş bakteri türleri arasında direnç kodlayan genlerin yayılmalarında rol oynamaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul ilinde satışa sunulan toplam 110 adet dana kuşbaşı örneklerinde GSBL-üreten enterobakterlerin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Örnekler, Enterobacteriaceae buyyonda homojenize edilmişlerdir. Homojenize edilen süspansiyonlar ilk olarak 37°C ve 18-24 saat ön zenginleştirme işlemine, devamında ise kromojen GSBL agarda tekrar 37°C ve 18-24 saat selektif zenginleştirme işlemine alınmışlardır. Şüpheli izolatlar saflaştırma için trypton soy agara ekimi yapılmış ve gece aşırı 37°C'de inkübe edilmişlerdir. İnkübasyon sonunda izolatlar Vitek®MS (bioMérieux) cihazı kullanılarak tiplendirilmiştir. Tiplendirilen şüpheli GSBL-üreten enterobakteri izolatlar Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute talimatları takip edilerek ve sefotaksim (CTX), seftazidim (CAZ) ve sefpodoksim (CPD) ± klavulanik asit (CV) diskleri kullanılarak sırasıyla disk difüzyonu, disk difüzyon doğrulama ve MİK tespiti testlerine alınmışlardır. Sonuçlara göre toplam 23 adet enterobakteri izolatları kesin GSBL pozitif tespit edilmiştir. Aralarında en yaygın tip E. coli (%30) olarak belirlenirken, bunu C. brakii (%22), E. cloacae (%17), K. pneumoniae (%9), C. freundii (%9), S. fonticola (%4), K. intermedia (%4) ve M. wisconsensis (%4) izlemiştir. Sonuç olarak, dana kuşbaşı etlerinin GSBL-üreten enterobakteriler içerdikleri ve bu nedenle tüketicilerin GSBL-pozitif türler ile kolonize olmaları bakımından potansiyel risk taşıdıkları görülmüştür.

Kuşbaşı Dana Etlerinde GSBL-Üreten Enterobacteriaceae Suşlarının Varlıkları

Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is becoming a worldwide concern for the public health. They can adversely affect the treatment based on modern beta-lactam antibiotics against bacterial infections as well as possibly becoming a source for the spread of ESBL-encoding genes among different and/or the same bacterial species. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from a total of 110 cubed beef samples sold in İstanbul. The samples were initially homogenized in Enterobacteriaceae broth. Subsequently, the homogenized suspensions were exposed to pre-enrichment at 37°C for 18-24 h. After that, Chromogenic ESBL agar was used for selective enrichment at 37°C for 18-24 h again. The presumptive ESBL-producers were sub-cultured on Trypton Soy agar, followed by an overnight incubation at 37°C. The isolates were identified by Vitek®MS (bioMérieux). Finally, the identified isolates were subjected to agar disc diffusion testing, disc diffusion confirmation testing and MIC determination testing using a combination of cefotaxime (CTX), ceftazidime (CAZ), and cefpodoxime (CPD) discs ± clavulanic acid (CV) according to the guidelines by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The results revealed that a total of 23 isolates were confirmed to be positive for ESBL-production. Of 23 isolates, the most common species was determined as E. coli (30%), followed by C. brakii (22%), E. cloacae (17%), K. pneumoniae (9%), C. freundii (9%), S. fonticola (4%), K. intermedia (4%), and M. wisconsensis (4%). In conclusion, the results of this study provided that the beef samples harbored ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, and they may, therefore, hold a potential risk for the colonization of the consumers with ESBL-producers.

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