Hemşirelik Öğrencilerine Verilen Eğitimin Palyatif Bakım Bilgi ve Tutumlarına Etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada hemşirelik öğrencilerine verilen eğitimin palyatif bakım görüş, bilgi ve tutumlarına etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmada tek gruplu bir ön test / son test yöntemi kullanıldı. Araştırma, 11-26 Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında bir üniversiteye kayıtlı 2. sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın örneklemini eğitim öncesi 105 öğrenci, eğitim sonrası 98 öğrenci oluşturdu. Araştırmanın verileri, palyatif bakım bilgisi, görüş formu ve Ölmekte olan Hastanın Bakımına İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği (FATCOD) kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin analizinde, bağımlı gruplar için McNemar ki-kare, t-testi ve Pearson’s korelasyon testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 19.71 ± 1.01 idi. Eğitimleri süresince palyatif bakım ünitesinde klinik uygulama deneyimi yaşayan öğrencilerin oranı %11.4 olarak bulunurken, %32.4’ünün palyatif bakım verdiği belirlendi. Eğitim öncesi ve sonrasında öğrenciler etkili/kaliteli palyatif bakım hizmetinin yerinin daha çok palyatif bakım üniteleri olduğunu belirtti. Öğrenciler palyatif bakım yönetiminde en zorlayıcı semptomların deliryum, ağrı, nefes darlığı ve yorgunluk olacağını bildirdi. Eğitim sonrasında mezuniyet sonrası palyatif bakımda çalışmak isteyen öğrencilerin oranı azaldı (p>0.05). Öğrencilerin eğitim öncesi palyatif bakım bilgi puanı ortalaması 9.95 ± 2.00 olup, eğitim sonrasında 12.29 ± 2.42’ye anlamlı olarak arttığı belirlendi (t/p=-7.881/0.000). Mezuniyet sonrası palyatif bakımda çalışmak isteyen öğrencilerin FATCOD puan ortalamasının (114.66 ± 8.76), istemeyenlere göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi (108.24± 8.88) (t = 3.468, p = 0.001). Ayrıca, öğrencilerin eğitim sonrası palyatif bakım bilgi puanı ortalaması ile FATCOD puan ortalaması arasında pozitif ancak zayıf bir korelasyon olduğu bulundu (r = 0.285, p = 0.004). Sonuç: Öğrencilere palyatif bakım konusunda verilen eğitimin bilgi ve tutumlarında olumlu farklılıklar yarattığı görüldü. Ancak eğitimin, mezuniyet sonrası öğrencilerin palyatif bakım hemşiresi olarak çalışma isteklerini azalttığı belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

bilgi, eğitim, hemşirelik, palyatif bakım; tutum

Effect of Education Given to Nursing Students on Their Palliative Care Knowledge and Attitudes

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of education given to nursing students on their palliative care opinion, knowledge, and attitudes. Material and Method: The study used a single group pre-test/posttest method. The study was carried out between 11–26 December 2017 with the participation of second-grade nursing students enrolled at a university. The study sample consisted of 105 students before the training and 98 students after the training. The study data were collected using a palliative care knowledge, opinion form, and the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD). In the analysis of the data, McNemar chi-square for dependent groups, t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test were used. Results: The mean age of the students was 19.71±1.01 years. The percentage of the students who had clinical practice experience in the palliative care unit during their education was 11.4%, while 32.4% were determined to have already been given palliative care. Before and after the training, the students stated that the place of effective/quality palliative care service was mostly palliative care units. The students reported that the most challenging symptoms in palliative care management would be delirium, pain, dyspnea, and fatigue. The proportion of the students who wanted to work in palliative care after graduation decreased after the training (p>0.05). The students’ mean pre-training palliative care knowledge score was 9.95±2.00, and it was found to increase to 12.29±2.42 significantly after the training (t/p=-7.881/0.000). The mean FATCOD score of the students who wanted to work in palliative care after graduation (114.66±8.76) was determined to be higher compared to the students who did not want to (108.24±8.88) (t=3.468, p=0.001). In addition, there was a positive but weak correlation between students’ mean post-training palliative care knowledge score and their mean FATCOD score (r=0.285, p=0.004). Conclusion: The education given to the students about palliative care was found to create positive differences in their knowledge and attitudes. However, it was determined that education reduced the willingness of postgraduate students to work as palliative care nurses.

Keywords:

attitude, knowledge, nursing, palliative care; education,

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