Extracts of Portulaca oleracea L. growing in Kashmir Valley exert apoptosis mediated antiproliferative effects and inhibit migration and invasion of oral cancer cells

The main aim of this research was to investigate the antiproliferative effects of P. oleracea L. extracts against oral cancer cells and the underlying mechanism of action. The effects of extracts on SCC-9 cell proliferation and colony generation were monitored by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and clonogenic assay, respectively. Morphological features were studied by phase-contrast microscopy. Apoptotic studies were carried out through AO/EB (Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide) staining and western blotting assay. Cell migration and invasion abilities of SCC-9 cells were studied by transwell assay. The results indicated that aqueous, ethanolic and hexane extracts all showed significant (P

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