Elif ORAL, Halil OZCAN, Mustafa GULEC, Yavuz SELVİ, Adem AYDİN

Biyolojik ritmi etkileyen psikotrop ilaçlar

Birçok canlı organizmada, omurgalı ve memeli canlıda olduğu gibi insanda da biyolojik işlevler çeşitli aralıklarla salınan ritimlerle yürür. Sirkadyen, ultradien ve infradian ya da daha uzun aralıklarla salınan iç ritimlerimiz kendi iç düzenlerini her şartta devam ettiren, bağımsız biyolojik organizasyonlardır. Biyolojik olarak kendiliğinden işleyen, istikrarlı bir yol varsa da, gerek psikiyatrik hastalıklar ve gerekse de psikotrop ilaçlar bu iç ritimleri değiştirebilir. Psikotrop ilaçlar, etki düzeneklerindeki nörotransmmitter ya da nöromediatörler vasıtasıyla doğrudan veya daha uzun vadede hormonal ya da genetik değişikliklere neden olarak da biyolojik ritimler üzerine etkili olabilir. Biyolojik ritim düzensizliklerinin duygudurum bozuklukları açısından hem neden hem de sonuç olarak önemine dikkat çeken birçok çalışma vardır. Duygudurum bozukluklarının takip ve tedavisinde psikofarmakolojik ajanların biyolojik ritimlere olan muhtemel etkisi de değerlendirilmesi önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kronobiyotikler, psikotrop ilaçlar, biyolojik ritim

Psychotropic medications affecting biological rhythm

There are many biological rhythms with various time oscillations regulating biological functions in living organisms, mammalians, and humans. Biological rhythms such as circadian, ultradian, and infradian or with longer cycles are independent biological organizations rather than dependent to the external stimulus. Although there is a sustained biological rhythmicity, psychiatric disorders and psychotropic drugs can change this process. The effects of psychotropics on biological rhythmicity can occur via possible neurotransmitter and neuromediator mechanisms within a relatively short time period on the other hand hormonal or genetic mechanisms can impact long term outcome. So far several studies suggested that biological rhythm disturbances play an important role in etiology and course of mood disorders’. Assessment of the possible effects of psychopharmacological agents on biological rhythm is important during the course of mood disorders.

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