Arif Cengiz GÜLTEKİN, Ercan TÜRKMEN, Ferah TARAN, Melda DİLEK, Hayriye SAYARLİOGLU, Nurol ARIK

Böbrek nakli ve hemodiyaliz hastalarında yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler farklılık göstermektedir

Amaç: Diyaliz modalitelerini ve böbrek naklini (BN) içeren renal replasman tedavileri (RRT), hastaların yaşam kalitesini (QoL) farklı şekilde etkiler. Bu çalışmada hemodiyaliz (HD) ve BN hastalarında yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya RT ve HD gruplarının her birinde 100 hasta dahil edildi. Sosyo-demografik veriler anket yolu ile toplandı. Hastaların laboratuvar ve diğer tıbbi bilgileri tıbbi kayıtlarından elde edildi. Yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmek için Kısa Form-36 (SF-36) ve Nottingham Sağlık Profili (NHP) ölçekleri kullanıldı. Bulgular: HD ve BN hastalarında ortalama yaşlar sırasıyla 58,28±15,21 ve 47,92±12,01 idi. Hastaların çoğu erkekti (%53 HD, %68 BN). Böbrek nakli hastaları, tüm bileşenlerde HD hastalarından daha yüksek bir yaşam kalitesine sahipti. NHP ölçeğinde, BN hastalarının sosyal izolasyon ve duygusal tepkiler dışında tüm alanlarda yaşam kalitesi daha yüksekti. HD grubunda erkek cinsiyet, sigara içmeme, yüksek eğitim düzeyi, çalışıyor ve şehirde yaşıyor olmak ile bazı laboratuvar parametreleri (hemoglobin, ferritin, sodyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum ve albümin düzeyleri) yaşam kalitesini olumlu yönde etkilerken; diyabet ve kardiyovasküler hastalık (KVH) yaşam kalitesi üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahipti. BN grubunda erkek cinsiyet, yüksek eğitim düzeyi, çalışıyor olmak; normal potasyum, fosfor ve parathormon seviyeleri QoL’yi olumlu etkilerken, KVH ve hipertansiyon QoL’yi olumsuz etkilemekteydi. Sonuç: Farklı RRT alan hastalarda yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler farklıdır. HD hastalarında laboratuvar parametrelerini düzeltmek için çaba göstermek yaşam kalitesi üzerinde etkili olabilir. Çalışma hayatına dönüş, BN hastalarında yaşam kalitesini artırabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Böbrek nakli, hemodiyaliz, yaşam kalitesi

The effects and differences of kidney transplantation and hemodialysis treatments on quality of life

Aim: Renal replacement therapies (RRT), including dialysis modalities and renal transplantation (RT), affect patients’ quality of life (QoL) differently. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the QoL in hemodialysis (HD) and RT patients. Material and Method: One hundred patients in each RT and HD group were included in the study. Socio-demographic data was determined with a questionnaire. Laboratory information and other medical information of the patients were obtained from the medical records. Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) scales were used to assess the QoL. Results: The mean ages in HD and RT patients were 58.28±15.21 and 47.92±12.01 years. Most patients were male (53% HD, 68% RT). RT patients had a higher QoL than HD patients in all components. On the NHP scale, RT patients had higher QoL in all parts except social isolation and emotional reactions. Male gender, non-smoker status, high education level, being employed and living in the city, and some laboratory parameters (hemoglobin, ferritin, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and albumin) positively affected the QoL in the HD group; diabetes and CVD had a negative impact on the QoL. In the RT group, male gender, high education level, being employed; normal potassium, phosphorus, and parathormone levels affect QoL positively while hypertension and CVD negatively affect the QoL. Conclusion: Factors affecting QoL in patients receiving RRT are different. Efforts to correct laboratory parameters may impact the quality of life in HD patients. Returning to working life could increase the QoL in RT patients.

Keywords:

Hemodialysis, quality of life, renal transplantation,

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