Our aim is to evaluate the efficiency and outcomes of endoscopic surgery (ES) and open surgery (OS) in children with urinary tract dilatation (UTD). Between February 2009 and June 2014, 77 patients (41 male, 36 female) with UTD underwent either an OS or ES. The age, gender, final diagnosis, type of surgery, postoperative problems (hematuria, fever, urinary tract infection and length of hospital stay (LOS) are retrospectively evaluated. The ES for UTD causes less pain, less hematuria, decreased LOS after surgery. ES is superior in terms of postoperative pain management, morbidity and LOS in selected conditions.