Tüberküloz dışı mikobakterilere bağlı akciğer hastalıkları

Tüberküloz dışı mikobakteriler çevremizde çok yaygınolarak bulunur ve 50 yılı aşkın bir süredir akciğer enfeksiyonu veya hastalığı etkeni olarak bilinmektedir. Klasikolarak hastalarda predispozan faktörler mevcut iken immün yetmezlikli kişilerde de bu hastalığı tanımlamakmümkündür. Bütün kültür pozitif hastaların 2007 tanı kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmesi gerekir. Tüberküloz dışımikobakterilere bağlı akciğer hastalığı olanların başarılı şekilde tedavisi için 12–24 ay süreyle kombine antibiyotik tedavisi alması uygundur. Ancak antibiyotiklere karşı in vitro duyarlılık testleri ile in vivo cevap arasında zayıf bir korelasyon vardır. Bundan dolayı tüberküloz dışı mikobakterilere bağlı akciğer hastalığı, klinisyenler için giderekartan bir problemdir. Başarılı bir tedavi için hala karanlıknoktalar vardır. Hastalığın tanısı, patogenezi ve tedavisi ile ilgili gelişmeler bizim bu hastalara daha net yaklaşımımızı sağlayacaktır.

Lung diseases due to non-tuberculosis mycobacteria

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous environmental organisms that have been recognized a cause of pulmonary infection or disease for over 50 years. Tra- ditionally patients have had underlying risk factors for development of disease; however, to describe of appar- ently immunocompetent patients involved appears to be possible. The diagnosis of culture-positive all patients for mycobacteria have to evaluate according to 2007 criteria. For patients with disease, combination antibiotic therapy for 12-24 months is generally required for successful treatment. However, there is a poor correlation between in vitro antibiotic susceptibility and in vivo response to antimicrobials. Therefore, the lung diseases due to non- tuberculous mycobacteria are an increasing problem for clinicians and are associated with significant obstacles that thwart successful treatment of the diseases due to nontuberculous mycobacteria. Continued progress in diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of disease will improve the outlook for these patients.

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