Halil ÖZCAN, Serkan PEKÇETİN, Nuri DANIŞMAN, Okan YENİCESU, Suphi TUNÇ, Esra ÇAKAR

Antenatal dönemde anksiyete ve depresyonun görülme sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörler

Amaç: Bu çalışma Zekâi Tahir Burak Kadın Sağlığı Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Antenatal Polikliniğine başvuran gebelerin depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerinin belirlenmesini ve ilişkili etiyolojik faktörlerin tespitini amaçlamaktadır. Gereçler ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Zekâi Tahir Burak Kadın Sağlığı Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Antenatal Polikliniğine Ekim-Aralık 2010 tarihleri arasında başvuran, herhangi bir fiziksel engeli olmayan, gebeliği sırasında psikiyatrik bir hastalık tanısı konmamış ve psikiyatrik bir tedavi görmeyen, normal gebelik takibindeki 174 katılımcıyla yürütülmüştür. Ayrıca tüm gebeler doğal yollarla gebe kalmış olup herhangi bir tıbbi hastalığa sahip değillerdir. Katılımcılara kendilerini tanımaya yönelik 22 maddelik gebelik kişisel bilgi formu ve Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HADÖ) uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Gebelerin %32sinin anksiyete, %47sinin depresyon düzeyinin klinik düzeyde anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Katılımcının eşinin işinin olup olmaması, maaş düzeyi, daha önceki gebelik sayısı, gebeliğin planlı olup olmadığı, adet öncesi sendromu (premenstruel sendrom) ve aile desteği bu bulgularla ilişkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Gebelik anksiyetesi ve depresyonu için risk oluşturabilecek faktörler biyopsikososyal bir yapı içerisinde görülebilir. Bu çalışmada da ekonomik göstergelerin, biyolojik değişkenlerin ve psikososyal faktörlerin gebelik anksiyete ve depresyonuyla anlamlı bir ilişkisinin olduğu görülmüştür.

Anxiety and depression frequency and related factors during pregnancy

Aim: In this study, the aim was to detect the depression and anxiety levels and related etiologic factors among patients who visited Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital Antenatal Outpatient Clinic. Materials and Method: The study was performed between October 2010 and December 2010. A total of 174 patients between 18 and 49 years of age having normal pregnancy follow up and having not a physical disability and psychiatric disorder were included. All participants were given a personal information questionary and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire. Results: We found anxiety in 32% of participants and depression in 47% of participants. This was related to occupation and amount of income of participants husbands, number of previous pregnancies, if the pregnancy was planned, premenstrual syndrome, and family support about current pregnancy. Conclusion: The potential risk factors for anxiety and depression in pregnancy can be investigated in terms of a biopsychosocial perspective. In this study, it was pointed out that there are significant relationships among biological, economical, psychosocial factors and anxietydepression in pregnancy.

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