Yaşlı Hastalarda Düşmeler ve Risk Faktörleri

Özet Düşmeler yaşlıları etkileyen yaygın bir problemdir ve önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezleri’ne ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü raporlarına göre, 65 yaşın üzerindeki üç yetişkinden biri ve 80 yaşın üzerindeki yetişkinlerin yarısı her yıl düşmektedir. Düşme kaynaklı yaralanma, bakım evlerinde en yaygın beşinci ölüm nedenidir. Tüm riskleri oluşturan en büyük problemler; ayak ve ayakkabı problemleri, duyusal veya algısal eksiklikler ve polifarmasi’dir. İlaç kullanımı, düşme ve düşmeyle ilişkili yaralanmalar için en değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinden biridir. Düşmeleri önlemek için; ilaç kullanımının azaltılması, kapsamlı bir anamnez, düzenli kan basıncı kontrolü, tıbbi durumların yaygınlığındaki farklılıklar göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı; düşmelere ilişkin demografik ve değiştirilebilir risk faktörleri bilgilerini özetleyen ilgili literatürün kısa bir özetini sağlamaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Düşme riski, yaşlı, bakım. Abstract Falls are a common problem affecting the elderly and a major public health issue. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization reports, one in three adults over the age of 65 and half of the adults over 80 fall each year. Fall-induced injury is the fifth most common cause of death in nursing homes. The biggest problems that make up all the risks are foot and shoe problems, sensory or perceptual deficits, and polypharmacy. Drug use is one of the most changeable risk factors for falls and related injuries. To prevent falls, reduction of drug use, acquiring a comprehensive medical history, regular blood pressure control, and differences in the prevalence of medical conditions should be considered. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief summary of the relevant literature summarizing demographic and modifiable risk factors in falls. Keywords: Fall risk, elderly, care.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Düşme riski, yaşlı bakım

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