Oben YILDIRIM, Selma TOSUN, Gökçe AKSOY YILDIRIM, Uğurtan ERGÜN, Alpay ARI, Hülya ÖZKAN, Abdulhalim AYSEL, Abdullah DALGIC

COVID 19 VE COVID 19 OLMAYAN HASTALARDA KOKU ALMA DİSFONKSİYONUNUN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Olmayan hastalarda hipozmi/anosmi sıklığını ve laboratuvar ve prognostik faktörler arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya gribal semptomları olan toplam 235 hasta dahil edildi. PCR onaylı COVID-19 ve COVID 19 olmayan hastaları karşılaştırdık. Koku alma duyusunu subjektif Görsel Analog Skala (GAS) ile değerlendirdik. Sinonazal semptomlar Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) ile değerlendirildi. Bu hastalar normal koku alma grubu, koku bozukluğu grubu olarak gruplara ayrıldı. Tüm hastalar klinik, demografik ve laboratuvar sonuçları ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: RT-PCR pozitif, COVID-19 tanılı 120 hastada (%51,1) ve RT-PCR negatif 115 hasta (%49,9) olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Koku alma bozukluğu olan hastalar koku alma bozukluğu olmayan hastalardan daha gençti (p = 0.006). Koku alma bozukluğu olmayan hastalarda lenfopeni ve komorbid hastalıklar daha sık görüldü ( p=0.02, p=0.023, sırasıyla) Koku alma bozukluğu olan grupta toplam SNOT-22 puan ortalaması normal koku duyusu grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p = 0.000). 19 (%8,1) hastada izole koku kaybı vardı. Sonuç: COVID-19 hastalarında koku alma bozukluğunun yaygınlığı bir kanıt haline gelmiştir. Koku semptomları COVID-19 hastalığının erken tanısında önemli bir rol oynayabilir. Olfaktör semptomların varlığı gelecekte komorbidite, yaş, lenfopeni gibi prognostik bir kriter olabilir

COMPARISON OF OLFACTORY DYSFUNCTION IN COVID 19 AND NONCOVID 19 PATIENTS

Introduction: Loss of smell is becoming common symptoms in COVID-19. This study aims to investigate frequency of hyposmia/anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 patients and correlation between laboratory and prognostic factors. Material and Methods: A total of 235 patients with Influenza-Like Symptoms were included in the study. PCRconfirmed testing and consistent with COVID-19. We assessed olfaction with subjective Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The sinonasal symptoms were evaluated through the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22). These patients divided groups as normal olfaction group, smell disorder group. All patients were evaluated with clinical, demographic and laboratory results. Results: COVID-19 was diagnosed by RT-PCR positive in 120 patients (51.1%) and by RT-PCR negative in the 115 patient (49.9%). Patients with olfactory disorder was younger than patients without olfactory disorder patients (p = 0.006). Lymphopenia and comorbid diseases were seen more frequently in patients without olfactory disorder (p=0.02, p=0.023, respectively) The mean of total SNOT-22 scores was significantly higher in loss of smell group than normal olfaction group (p = 0.000). 19 (8.1%) patients had isolated loss of smell. Conclusion: Prevalence of olfactory disorder in COVID-19 patients has become an evidence. Olfactory symptoms may play an important role in early diagnosis of COVID-19 disease. Presence of olfactory symptoms may be a prognostic criteria such as comorbidity, age, lymphopenia in the future.

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