Nuh BİLGİN, Cemal BALCI

Mekanize kazı makinalarının seçiminde küçük ve tam boyutlu kazı deneylerinin karşılaştırılması

Bu makalede, mekanize kazı makinalarının kazı hızlarının önceden kestirilebilmesi için spesifik enerji değeri, hem küçük hem de tam boyutlu kazı seti kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Spesifik enerji değeri, mekanize kazı makinalarının verimliliğinin tahmin edilmesinde, en geçerli metotlardan biridir. Bu değer, laboratuvarda küçük ve tam boyutlu kazı setlerinde, kaya kesme deneyleri yapılarak elde edilmektedir. Bu amaçla, farklı fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklere sahip kaya, mineral ve cevher numuneleri üzerinde, hem küçük hem de tam boyutlu kazı seti kullanılarak, kaya kesme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Bu deneyler sırasında, keskilere gelen kuvvetler ve spesifik enerji değerleri ölçülmüştür. Küçük ve tam boyutlu kazı deneylerinden elde edilen spesifik enerji değerleri arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, kayaçların mekanik ve fiziksel özellikleri belirlenmiş, elde edilen spesifik enerji değerleri ile olan ilişkileri istatiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir.

Comparison of small and full scale rock cutting tests to select mechanized excavation machines

In this article, the statistical analysis are developed in order to predict the efficiency of mechanical excavators (Roadheaders, continuous miners, shearers etc.) by using laboratory specific energy values. Specific energy is defined as the amount of energy required to break a unit volume or weight of rock expressed in kWh/m3 or MJ/m3. Specific energy criterion uses machine installed head power, total system efficiency and the specific energy required for cutting a particular rock type with a certain type of tool. This value can be derived from small and full-scale laboratory rock cutting experiments at different cut spacings and depths. For this purpose small and full-scale (Linear cutting machines) rock cutting experiments were performed on rock samples obtained from 18 different types of rocks (Sandstone, Mudstone, Shale, several Volcanic Rocks, Chromites, Trona, and Copper). Cutter forces acting on a cutter in three directions and, specific energy values were measured during testing. In addition, all physical property testing were carried out and relationships between specific energy values obtained from small and full-scale rock cutting tests and rock mechanical properties were analyzed using the method of least squares regression analysis. Statistical analyses showed that specific energy values obtained from full scale rock cutting tests can be predicted from small scale rock cutting tests and rock mechanical properties to select most efficient mechanical excavators.

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