Işığa duyarlı camlar, özel bir bileşime sahip olup mor ötesi (UV-ultraviolet) ışın yardımıyla çeşitli renklerin elde edildiği camlardır. Işığa duyarlı cam, cam harmanının hazırlanması, elde edilen camın geleneksel yöntemlerle şekillendirilmesinin ardından içeriğinde bulunan elementlerin UV ışınının aktinik özellik göstererek camın mikr oy apışında değişikliklere neden olmasıyla elde edilmektedir. Cam içeriğinde bulunan kolloid metal olan gümüşün, cam içerisindeki boyut ve dizilimine bağlı olarak, camın saydam ya da opak olması sağlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada daha önce patenti alınan ana cam kompozisyonu olarak sodyum silikat yerine, soda-kireç camı seçilmiş ve camın ticari olarak üretilme olanağı incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, ışığaduyarlı camların kompozisyonunda ana camı renklendirmeyecek miktarda H02O3 eklenmesinin etkileri irdelenmiştir. Mevcut ticari kompozsiyonuna gümüş, alkali oksit, florür ve klorür, bromür ve iyodür grubundan en azından birini içeren ve Ce?03 kullanımıyla 2000 W gücünde UV ışın kaynağı kullanılarak bu ışının aktinik radyasyon etkisi gösterdiği camın üretilmesi ve farklı oranlarda holmiyum oksit eklenmesiyle cam üzerindeki ve fotokimyasal süreç sonrası spektrometrik etkisi incelenmiştir. H02O3 eklenmesi ile cama fotokimyasal proses uygulaması ardından numunelerde beklendiği gibi, görünür bölgede fazla değişim olmamasına karşın yapıda değişim olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, cam kompozisyonunun sodyum silikat matrisinden soda-kireç-silis cam matrisine modifıye edilmesi ve fotokimyasal proses aşaması için geliştirilen UV lamba sisteminin kullanımı ile H02O3 içeren camlara ışığa duyarlılık özelliği verilmiştir.

For centuries, as an attractive feature in glass design, colour is one of the most important factors in glass production. Coloured glasses have always taken a special place in the assortment of every glass producer and for their production different methods have ' been developed Photosensitive glasses, which have special compositons, can be produced in a variety of colours with the help of UV (ultraviolet) radiation After preparing the glass batch, the melting and glassification are carried out by applying conventional methods. In a second step, with the help of special materials in the recipe, the actinic radiation applied changes the microstructure of the glass. The resulting glass becomes pho tosensitive. Depending on the size, shape and orientation of colloidal metal particles, such as silver, the transparency of glass can be controlled and even opaque materials can be obtained. Photosensitive glasses have sodium silicate base glass composition, are known in various colors in opal or transparent form for many years ever since they were patented in 1977. These have been produced by applying conventional methods. They contain alkali halide silver (AgX), alkali oxide, fluorine, and at least one of the following substances: chlorine, bromine or iodine. Later on they are exposed to high energy or actinic radiations followed by a unique heat treatment. However, because of the instability within the end product and having a slow reaction rate, this product has never been commercially feasible, its applications have always been limited.At the beginning of the experiments, the glass batches to produce photosensitive glass were prepared by adding glass forming oxides, silver, alkali oxides, cerium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, fluoride, chloride, bromide and iodide. These batches were then melted following the conventional method of glass production. The glass samples were exposed to UV (ultraviolet) radiation at room temperature. This was followed by a first heat treatment and a second UV exposure. Finally, a second heat treatment was applied after which samples were left in the furnace to cool down to room temperature. This photochemical process was carried out in a specially designed temperature-controlled box that was equipped with a UV lamp. Depending on the UV exposure time and the heat treatment temperature, a variety of colours can be produced with this photochemical process.The present study shows the effects of addition of Ho203, for the first time in literature. Optical characterization has been also performed before and after UV exposure. In this study, a soda lime silica glass composition was chosen instead of sodium silicate in order to produce a commercially more feasible glass. The photosensitive glasses were designed by adding the following substances: silver as sensitizer and colorant, Sb203 as thermal sensitizer, SnO as redox and refining agent, Ce02 as optical sensitizer, arid compounds of alkali halides with Na and Ag ions to form a crystalline structure. Photosensitive glasses have been produced in laboratories for over 30 years but at very high costs and without having been able to achieve the necessary stability. The aims of this study can therefore be described as; the modification of base glass in soda lime silica glass matrix, the optical characterization of the final product, the development of a new system, for the photochemical process to be used in mass production, evaluating the effect of Ho203, on glass in visible range. Beside these, gaining knowledge on nature of photosensitivity before and after photochemical process studied. Despite its low absorption in the UV region, the effect of Ho2Os, on the properties of photosensitive glasses was also studied. The amount of holmium oxide was chosen so as to keep base glass colourless and was determined experimentally. The effects of changing the amount of holmium oxide on the photosensitivity of glass composition were also determined. Furthermore, the relationship between the photochemical process and the time and temperature of the heat treatments were examined for all compositions that were used in this study. By modifying chemical composition and using inhouse UV lamp system, photosensivity can be reached in soda lime silica glass matrix.The results showed that modification of soda-lime-silica composition with doping minor amount of holmium oxide cause small change in resultant color. However, result of solar degredation can be minimized by the help of applied photochemical process. It is expected that with increasing amount of H02O3 above 0.06 % level this effect is predominant.