This study consists of two parts; In the first part, the social and religious structure of the society during the early years of Islam was examined. In the second part the transition period from the pre-Islamic Society to the Islamic Society established by the Prophet Muhammad, and the various stages of the this period were studied. After emphasizing the importance of religion for humans, the ideal society that Islam aims to establish was explained. The typical features of pre-Islamic society, Islam’s view of the cultural heritage of this society, the reasons for Quraysh opposition to the Prophet, the alter n atives Islam offers to societies, the organization and the basic feature of Islamic society were handled