Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastane Bahçelerinin Tedavi Edici Etkilerinin Ortaya Konulmasi İçin Deneyimsel Kaliteler ve Peyzaj Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi

Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastane Bahçelerinin hastaların tedavilerinde olumlu katkı sağlayabilmesi için Açık Alan Terapi Üniteleri şeklinde düzenlenmesi gerekir. Ancak bu alanların hastalar üzerindeki tedavi sağlayıcı etkilerini değerlendirmek kolay değildir. Araştırmacılar bu tarz alanlarda birçok kaynak (Ulrich, 1999), eleman (Marcus ve Barnes, 1999), faktör (Kaplan ve Kaplan, 1989), desen (Kaplan ve diğerleri, 1998) ve bileşenlerin bulunması gerektiğini ortaya koymuşlardır. Açık alan terapi ünitelerinde bu kavramların hepsinin değerlendirilebilmesi için bu çalışma kapsamında literatür yardımıyla ve Bowersın 2003 yılında, Sakıcının 2009 yılında yapmış olduğu doktora çalışmalarından da yaralanarak 3 deneyimsel kalitede (duyusal uyarım, hareket ve denetim) sentez haline getirilmiş ve bu deneyimsel kalitelerin alanda sorgulanabilmesi için de 4 peyzaj bileşeni (kapalılık, su, uzamsal görünüm ve materyal) belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca deneyimsel kaliteler ile peyzaj bileşenlerinin arasındaki ilişkisi net bir şekilde ortaya konulmuştur. Böylece bir alanın ne ölçüde açık alan terapi ünitesi olabileceğinin belirlenmesinde ve de bir açık alan terapi ünitesi tasarlanmak istendiğinde barındırması gereken peyzaj bileşenleri ve deneyimsel kalitelerin nasıl olması gerektiği bu çalışma yardımıyla ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.

The Determination of Restorative Experiential Qualities and Design Attributes Because of Revealed to Recuperative Effects of Psychiatric Hospital Gardens

Psychiatric hospital gardens should be designed as Open Space Therapy Units to provide contributions on treatment process. However assessment of recuperative effects of these units on patients is not easy. The researchers state that so many resources (Ulrich, 1999), elements (Marcus and Barnes, 1999), factors (Kaplan and Kaplan, 1989), patterns (Kaplan et all, 1998), and components should be in these areas. The theories of Ulrich (four resources), the Kaplan s (factors and patterns) and Marcus and Barnes (elements) are summarized by three restorative experiential qualities (sensory stimulation, movement and control) by help of litterateur in this research. Four landscape design attributes (enclosure, water, spatial configuration and materiality) are identified to the restorative experiential qualities found in these areas. In addition, it is explored the connections between these four design attributes and the three restorative experiential qualities in this research. Thus, this study could be used for determining the effectiveness extends of an open area for being a therapy unit. And for demanding an open area therapy unit, which should include necessary landspace design attributes and experiential qualities and properties.

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