Olgu AYGÜN, Özden GÖKDEMİR, Ülkü BULUT, Seval YAPRAK, Nilgün ÖZÇAKAR

KADINLARIN PAP SMEAR TARAMASINA İLİŞKİN İNANÇLARININ SAĞLIK İNANÇ MODELİ ÖLÇEĞİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kadınların Pap smear test taramasına ilişkin inançlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Pap smear testi için Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeğini içeren bir anket aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar, İzmir’de bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’ne kayıtlı 18-70 yaş arası 266 kadındı. Pap smear testi taramasına ilişkin inançları Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ortalama ilk cinsel ilişki yaşı 21,67±4,5 (min:13-maks:45 yıl) idi, %86,5’i tek partner olduğunu ve %41,0’ı (n=109) hiç Pap smear testi yaptırmadığını ifade etti. Daha önce Pap smear testi yapılmış kadınların hassasiyet, ciddiyet, avantaj ve motivasyon, sağlık motivasyonu alt ölçek puanları yüksekti, ancak engeller ortalama puanları düşüktü. Ciddilik, sağlık motivasyonu alt ölçekleri ile Pap smear testi yapılması arasında fark vardı (p=0,021, p=0,006), Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği’nin ciddiyet ve sağlık motivasyonu puanları ortalamaları daha yüksekti (p0,05). Sonuç: Pap smear testi yaptırma durumu halen orta düzeydedir ve engeller bulunmaktadır. Aile hekimleri için Pap smear testini engelleyen nedenlerin ortadan kaldırılması için girişimlerin planlanması önemli bir konudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sağlık davranışı, sağlık inanışları, servikal smear

EVALUATION OF WOMEN’S BELIEFS ABOUT PAP SMEAR SCREENING USING THE HEALTH BELIEF MODEL SCALE

Objective: To evaluate women’s beliefs about screening Pap smear test. Material and Method: The survey has been conducted through a questionnaire prepared by researchers, based on the Health Belief Model Scale for the Pap smear test. The participants consisted of 266 women between 18-70 years of age registered at a Family Health Center in Izmir. Their beliefs about screening Pap smear test were evaluated using the Health Belief Model Scale. Results: The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 21.67±4.5 (min:13--max:45 years), 86.5% reported a single partner and 41.0% of them (n=109) had never undergone a Pap smear test. Women who previously had a Pap smear test had high scores of sensitivity, seriousness, advantage and motivation, health motivation subscales, but the mean scores for obstacles were low. There was a difference between seriousness, health motivation subscales and taking the Pap smear test (p=0.021, p=0.006). The Mean scores of seriousness and health motivation of Health Belief Model Scale were higher. There was no difference between education level, working status and undergoing a Pap test (p>0.05). Conclusion: Having a Pap smear test is still moderately frequent and there are obstacles. Planning the interventions to eliminate Pap smear test barriers is an important issue for family physicians.

Keywords:

Health behaviour, health belief, cervical smear,

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