ULUSLARARASI TAŞIMACILIK KURALLARI: ULUSLARARASI TİCARET RİSK ve KAYIPLARI AZALTMAK İÇİN TAŞIMA BELGELERİNİN DÜZENLENMESİNDE DİKKAT EDİLECEK HUSUSLAR

Ödeme talebiyle akreditif tahtında ibraz edilen yükleme belgelerinin yüzde 70’i uluslararası standart kurallara ve akreditif şartlarına uygun olmadıkları için ödeme red edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, söz konusu risk ve kayıpları azaltmak için taşıma belgelerinin, uluslararası standart kurallarına uygun düzenlenmesinde dikkat edilmesi gereken kilit hususları belirlemektir. 2018’de ulaşılabilen SWIFT red mesajları verileri üzerinden akreditif tahtında ibraz edilen ihracat yükleme belgeleri red oranı %41,41 ve ithalat red oranı %30,02 bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak söz konusu risk ve kayıpların azaltılması için ihracatçı, ithalatçı ve taşımacılar, standart uluslararası kurallara uygun taşıma belgesi düzenlenmesinde uluslararası taşıma kurallarının kilit unsurlarına dikkat etmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Lojistik, Taşımacılık, Uluslararası Ticaret Kuralları, Uluslararası Taşımacılık Belgeleri, Uluslararası Ticaret Odası

INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT RULES: KEY POINTS IN ISSUING TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS TO MITIGATE RISKS AND LOSSES IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

70 pct of international trade documents submitted for payment are rejected under letter of credit being not in compliance with international standard rules and letter of credit terms. This study aims to clarify key points in issuing transport documents to mitigate such losses. To find out the refusal rate of Turkey, 2018 swift data were gathered from the sampling banking group. It is found that the average discrepancy rate is 53,45 percent for export and 30,02 percent for import documentation, that is more than 50 percent of the presented documents are not accepted for payments. The exporters, importers and transporters must be aware of the key points of standard international rules and issue documents as per these rules to mitigate such risks and losses.

Keywords:

Logistics, Transportation, International Trade Rules, International Transport Documents, International Chamber of Commerce,

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