Plants used as painkillers in folk medicine in Turkey IV – TOOTHACHE

DOI: 10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2018.412321Turkey has a rich plant diversity due to its geography and many of these plants are used in the treatment of various diseases. The usage of these medicinal plants has been passed down from generation to generation. Ethnobotanical studies are used to record traditional treatment methods and this information is intended to contribute to drug development studies. This study (which is the fourth article in a series focusing on plants with painkilling properties) details the plants used to combat toothache. In this survey, which was prepared by screening ethnobotanical research, a total of 52 taxa were traditionally used in toothache treatment in Turkey. Scientific and local names, families, parts used, and treatment methods of these plants were recorded. According to the results of the research, the most common families are Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Liliaceae and Rosaceae. The most commonly used taxa in different regions of Turkey are Cornus mas, Dianthus zonatus var. zonatus and Hyocyamus niger. These plants contain analgesic and anti-inflammatory compounds. These plants are usually used externally as extracts (infusion/decoction) as well as are used directly. However, a few species are also used externally.

___

  • • Akalın E (1998). The plants of Tekirdag region that are used as medicinal purposes and food. J Tradit Folk Drugs 5(1): 1-96. • Akan H, Korkut MM, Balos MM (2008) Arat Dağı ve çevresinde (Birecik, Şanlıurfa) etnobotanik bir araştırma. Science and Eng J of Fırat Univ 20 (1): 67-81. • Aktan T (2011). The Ethnobotanical examine in the villages of Yenisehir (Bursa). Unpublished MSc Thesis, Celal Bayar University, Manisa. • Altundağ E, Öztürk M (2011). Ethnomedicinal studies on the plant resources of east Anatolia Turkey, Procedia Soc Behav Sci 19: 756-777. • Balos MM, Akan H (2007). Zeytinbahçe - Akarçay (Birecik, Şanlıurfa) arasında kalan bölgenin etnobotanik özellikleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi 29: 155-171. • Baytop T (1971). Farmakognozi Ders Kitabı Cilt 2. Baha Matbaası, Istanbul. • Beguma S, Saxenaa B, Goyala M, Ranjanb R, Joshia VB, Raoc CV, Krishnamurthya S, Sahaib M (2010). Study of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of seeds of Hyoscyamus niger and isolation of a new coumarinolignan. Fitoterapia 81(3): 178-184. • Bulut G, Tuzlacı E (2009). Folk medicinal plants of Bayramiç (Çanakkale-Turkey). J Fac Pharm Istanbul 40: 87-100. • Dindaa B, Kyriakopoulosb AM, Dindac S, Zoumpourlisd V, Thomaidise NS, Velegrakif A, Markopoulosg C, Dindah M (2016). Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry), an important European and Asian traditional food and medicine: Ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology for its commercial utilization in drug industry. J Ethnopharmacol 193: 670-690. • Ecevit Genç G, Özhatay N (2006). An ethnobotanical study in Çatalca (European part of Istanbul) II. Turkish J Pharm Sci 3 (2): 73-89. • Electronic resource 1. İstanbul Ağrı Merkezi. www.agritr.com/html/algoloji.html Accessed: 14.04.2017. • Electronic resource 2. Diş Ağrılarının Nedenleri ve Çözümleri. https://www.hospitadent.com/dis-sagligi/dis-agrilarinin-nedenleri-ve-cozumleri.html Accessed: 14.04.2017. • Erbay MŞ, Anıl S, Melikoğlu G (2017). Plants used as painkiller in folk medicine in Turkey-I Stomachache. J Res Pharm 21(4): 741-755. • Erbay MŞ, Anıl S, Melikoğlu G (2018a). Plants used as painkiller in folk medicine in Turkey-II Headache. J Res Pharm 22(1): 29-36. • Erbay MŞ, Anıl S, Melikoğlu G (2018b). Plants used as painkiller in folk medicine in Turkey-III Rheumatic pain. J Res Pharm 22(2): 133-141. • Erdoğan R (2011). Ethnobotanical features some of the wild on the Sariveliler (Karaman) and its environment ethnobotanic. Unpublished MSc Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya. • Eşen B (2008). The ethnobotanical properties of Aydınlar village and its vicinity (Erdemli/Mersin). Unpublished MSc Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya. • Fujita T, Sezik E, Tabata M, Yeşilada E, Honda G, Takeda Y, Tanaka T, Takaishi Y (1995). Traditional medicine in Turkey VII. Folk medicine and west Black Sea regions. Econ Bot 49(7): 406-422. • Gençay A (2007). Ethnobotanical aspects of Cizre (Sirnak). Unpublished MSc Thesis, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van. • Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KHC (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Islands. vol. 11. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. • Güneş S, Savran A, Paksoy MY, Koşar M, Çakılcıoğlu U (2017). Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants in Karaisalı and its surrounding (Adana-Turkey). J Herb Med 8: 68-75. • Kargıoğlu M, Cenkci S, Serteser A, Konuk M, Vural G (2010). Traditional uses of wild plants in the Middle Aegean Region of Turkey. Hum Ecol. 38: 429-450. • Korkmaz M, Alpaslan Z (2014). Ergan Dağı (Erzincan-Türkiye)’nın etnobotanik özellikleri. Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 1(3): 1-31. • Kültür Ş (2007). Medicinal plants used in Kirklareli province (Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 111: 341-364. • Metin A (2009). Ethnobotanical features of plants in Mut (Mersin) and its environments. Unpublished MSc Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya. • Mükemre M, Behçet L, Çakılcıoğlu U (2015). Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants in villages of Çatak (Van-Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 166: 361–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.040 • Oral ÇD (2007). Ethnobotanical studies on folk medicines used in Konya. Unpublished MSc Thesis, Gazi University, Ankara. • Özdemir E, Alpınar K (2015). An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in western part of central Taurus Mountains: Aladaglar (Nigde- Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 166: 53-65. • Özdemir Nath E (2016). An Ethnobotanical Study in Savastepe and Kepsut Region (Balikesir). Unpublished PhD Thesis, Istanbul University, Istanbul. • Özgen U, Kaya Y, Houghton P (2012). Folk medicines in the villages of Ilica district (Erzurum, Turkey). Turk J Biol 36: 93-106. • Özhatay N, Kültür Ş, Gürdal B (2013). Check-list of Additional Taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey VI. J Fac Pharm Istanbul 43(1): 33-82. • Özhatay N, Kültür Ş, Gürdal B (2015). Check-list of Additional Taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey VII. J Fac Pharm Istanbul 45 (1): 61-86. • Polat R, Satıl F (2012). An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Edremit Gulf (Balıkesir – Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 139: 626-641. • Renn CL, Dorsey SG (2005). The physiology and processing of pain a review. AACN Adv Crit Care 16.3: 277-290. • Saday H (2009). Ethnobotanical properties of Güzeloluk village and its vicinity. Unpublished MSc Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya. • Sadıkoğlu N, Alpınar K (2001). Etnobotanik açıdan Bartın. In: Gürkan E, Tuzlacı E (Eds.) 13. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı Bildiri Kitabı. M.Ü.Ecz. Fak. Yay. No: 17, pp.87. Istanbul, Turkey. • Sağıroğlu M, Arslantürk A, Akdemir ZK, Turna M (2012). An ethnobotanical from Hayrat (Trabzon) and Kalkandere (Rize/Turkey) Bio Di Con 5/1: 31-43. • Şahin Yiğit S (2014). Medicinal plants sold in Gaziantep herbalists and their ethnobotanical aspects. Unpublished MSc Thesis, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep. • Saraç DU, Özkan ZC, Akbulut S (2013). Ethnobotanic features of Rize/Turkey province. Bio Di Con 6/3: 57-66. • Sargın SA, Akçiçek E, Selvi S (2013). An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the local people of Alaşehir (Manisa) in Turkey. J Ethnopharmacol 150 (3): 860-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.040 • Şenkardeş İ (2014). Ethnobotanical investigations in southern districts (Acigöl, Derinkuyu, Gulsehir, Nevsehir-Central district, Urgup) of Nevsehir. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Marmara University, Istanbul. • Sezik E, Yeşilada E, Tabata M, Honda G, Takaishi Y, Fıjita T, Tanaka T, Takeda Y (1997). Traditional medicine in Turkey VIII. Folk medicine in East Anatolia; Erzurum, Erzincan, Agri, Kars, Igdir provinces. Econ Bot 51(6): 195-211. • Tetik F, Civelek S, Cakilcioglu U (2013). Traditional uses of some medicinal plants in Malatya (Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 146: 331-346. • Tuzlacı E, Alparslan DF (2007). Turkish folk medicinal plants, Part V: Babaeski (Kirklareli), J Fac Pharm Istanbul 39: 11-23. • Tuzlacı E, Doğan A (2010). Turkish folk medicinal plants, IX: Ovacık (Tunceli). J Res Pharm 14: 136-143. • Tuzlacı E, Eryaşar Aymaz P (2001). Turkish folk medicinal plants, Part IV: Gonen (Balikesir). Fitoterapia. 72: 323-343. • Tuzlacı E, Sadıkoğlu E (2007). Turkish folk medicinal plants, Part VI: Koçarlı (Aydın). J Fac Pharm Istanbul 39: 25-38. • Tuzlacı E, Tolon E (2000). Turkish folk medicinal plants. Part III: Sile (Istanbul). Fitoterapia 71: 673-685. • Ugulu I (2011). Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge about medicinal plants used for external therapies in Alasehir, Turkey. Int J Med Arom Plants 1(2): 101-106. • Vural G (2008). Ethnobotanical features some of the willd plants on the Honaz mountain and its environment ethnobotanic. Unpublished MSc Thesis, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon. • Yatani H, Komiyama O, Matsuka Y, Wajima K, Muraoka W, Ikawa M, Sakamoto E, De Laat A, Heir GM (2014). Systematic review and recommendations for nonodontogenic toothache. J Oral Rehabil 41(11): 843-852.