İRAN-SUUDİ ARABİSTAN İLIŞKİLERİ, 1932-2014
Körfezin iki yakasındaki ülkelerin ticari, siyasi ve askeri çıkarları bü- yük ölçüde örtüşmektedir. Körfez ülkeleri ve İran petrol ve doğal rezervleri bakımından dünyanın en önemli ülkeleridir. Bu ülkelerin insan kaynakları ve jeopolitik konumları da iş birliğini teşvik eden unsurlar olarak değer- lendirilebilir. Ne var ki, İran – Suudi Arabistan İlişkileri genel hatları ile küresel ve bölgesel güç dengesi hesapları ile iç politik faktörlerin etkileşi- mi çerçevesinde belirlenmektedir. Etnik ve mezhepsel kimlikler ise gerek iç politikada gerekse dış politikada çoğu zaman bir araç, bazen de bir amaç işlevi görmektedir. Sonuçta İran – Suudi Arabistan ilişkilerinde iki taraf küresel güç dengelerinin aynı tarafında bulundukları dönemlerde ya da dış faktörlerin etkisi azalıp bölge kendi içinde devinir hale geldiğinde iş birliği ortamı, farklı kutuplarda yer aldıklarında ya da dış faktörlerin etkisi arttı- ğında ise çatışma söylemi ve ortamı ön plana çıkmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Basra Körfezi, Jeopolitik, Güç Dengesi, Enerji Güvenliği
Iran-Saudi Arabia Relations, 1932-2014
In terms of the proved oil and natural gas reserves, commercial, mili- tary and political interests of the Gulf littoral countries largely overlap in the region. This necessity provides an important ground for a reasonable cooperation to reach secure energy markets for exportation. Both countries have right to control Gulf transportation and need to security of Hurmuz Strait encouraging cooperation. In so doing, Iran - Saudi Arabia relation is generally determined by interactions capacity between global and re- gional power balance calculations and internal political factors. Ethnic and sectarian identities, on the other hand, occasionally play essential role for final purpose but generally serves as tools of internal and foreign policies. As a result, Saudi Arabia – Iran relations characterize friendly when both capitals are on the same side of the global balance of power, or cooperative feature when the region begin to move in itself according to the original dynamics of the region. On the other hand, when they are located in dif- ferent poles of the global equation or when an increase in the influence of external factors is observed, a discourse and an environment of conflict comes to the fore.
Keywords:
Persian Gulf, Geopolitics, Balance of Power, Energy Se- curity,
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- ISSN: 2602-4152
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 1939
- Yayıncı: İstanbul Üniversitesi