Yönetim Kurulu Toplantı Odasındaki Robotlar: Yapay Zeka ve Şirketler Hukuku

Yapay zeka, hızlı teknolojik gelişimi sayesinde çok yakın bir gelecekte şirket yönetim kurulu odalarına girecektir. Bu çalışma yapay zeka ve şirketler hukuku arasındaki etkileşimi araştırmakta ve birbirlerine nasıl uyum sağlayacaklarını analiz etmektedir. Mevcut şirketler hukuku düzenlemeleri yapay zekanın getirdiği zorlukları karşılamakta mıdır, yoksa düzenlemelerin uyarlanması mı gerekmektedir? Daha belirgin olarak, bu çalışma şirketlerin yöneticilerine odaklanmaktadır. İnsan yöneticilerin yapay zekaya güvenmelerine ne ölçüde izin verilmesi gerektiği ya da buna ne ölçüye kadar zorlanabilecekleri dikkate alınmıştır. Dahası teknoloji, yakında yapay zekanın sadece yöneticileri desteklemekle kalmayıp onların yerini almasını da sağlayacaktır. Bu sebeple bir diğer soru, bu tür bir yerini almanın yasal olarak kabul edilebilir olup olmadığıdır. Her halükarda, halihazırda şirketler hukuku tarafından benimsenen yasal stratejiler insan yöneticilere göre tasarlanmıştır. Bu bölüm, bu stratejilerin robo-yöneticilerle dolu yönetim kurulu odaları için de hala uygun olup olmadığını sınamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, şirketler hukukunun, yapay zekanın şirketlerde kullanımıyla son derece alakalı olduğu, ancak bu teknolojinin getirdiği zorluklara da uyarlanması gerekeceği sonucuna varılmaktadır. Bu anlamda yapay zeka ve şirketler hukuku arasındaki etkileşim her iki yönde de dinamik olmayı vaat etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yapay zeka, Şirketler hukuku, İşletmesel karar ilkesi, Yöneticilerin yükümlülükleri, Yönetici atamaları

Robots in the Boardroom: Artificial Intelligence and Corporate Law

Due to its rapid technological development, artificial intelligence will enter corporate boardrooms in the very near future. This chapter explores the interplay between artificial intelligence and corporate law, and analyzes how the two fit together. Do current corporate law rules match the challenges posed by artificial intelligence, or do they need to be adapted? More specifically, the chapter focuses on the directors of corporations. We consider the extent to which human directors should be allowed—or required—to rely on artificial intelligence. Moreover, technology will probably soon offer the possibility of artificial intelligence not only supporting directors, but even replacing them. Another question is therefore whether or not such a replacement is legally admissible. At any rate, the legal strategies currently adopted by corporate law are tailored to human directors. This chapter tests whether those strategies would still be suitable for boardrooms filled with robo-directors. It concludes that corporate law is highly relevant for the use of artificial intelligence in corporations, but that it will also need to be adapted to the challenges posed by this technology. In that sense, the interplay between artificial intelligence and corporate law promises to be dynamic in both directions.

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence, Company law, Business judgment rule, Directors’ duties, Appointment of directors,

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