Bulent OZDALYAN, M. Bahattin CELIK, Murat KOSAR

The usage of hydrogen for improving emissions and fuel consumption in a small gasoline engine

Düşük güçlü benzinli motorlar hafif zengin karışımla çalıştıkları ve katalitik dönüştürücüye sahip olmadıkları için yakıt tüketimleri ve emisyon değerleri oldukça yüksektir. Benzinli motorlar saf hidrojenle çalıştırıldığında $NO _x$ emisyonları artmakta ve geri tepme olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, düşük güçlü bir motor hidrojen yakıtı ile uygun bir fakir karışımla geri tepme olmadan çalıştırılmış ve yakıt tüketimi ve emisyonların iyileştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Performans, emisyon ve silindir basınç değerleri her iki yakıt için ölçülmüştür. Hidrojenli çalışmada özgül yakıt tüketimi ve NOx emisyonu sırayla yaklaşık %57 ve %66 oranında azalmıştır. Ayrıca, CO, $CO _2$ ve HC emisyonlarında sıfıra yakın değerler elde edilmiştir. Deney sonuçları; benzinli motorun saf hidrojenle geri tepme olmadan çalışabildiğini ve motor fiyatını artıran egzoz kontrol sistemi, elektronik ateşleme sistemi ve yakıt enjeksiyon sistemi kullanılmadan yakıt tüketimi ve emisyonlarda önemli iyileşmeler sağlandığını göstermiştir.

Düşük güçlü benzinli motorda emisyonları ve yakıt tüketimini iyileştirmek için hidrojen kullanımı

As small gasoline engines run on slightly rich mixture, and do not have catalytic converter, their specific fuel consumption and emission values are very high. When the gasoline engines are operated with pure hydrogen, NOx emissions increase and the backfire occurs. In this study, a small engine was run with hydrogen at a suitable lean mixture without occurring backfire, and improvements on fuel consumption and emissions were aimed. Performance, emissions and cylinder pressures of the engine were measured for hydrogen and gasoline. The specific fuel consumption and $NO _x$ emissions were reduced by about 57% and 66%, respectively at hydrogen operation. Moreover, the values near zero for CO, $CO _2$ and HC emissions were obtained. The test results showed that the small gasoline engine can operate with pure hydrogen at a suitable lean mixture without any backfire, and provide important improvements in emissions and fuel consumption without using any exhaust control system, electronic ignition system and fuel injection system which increase cost of engine.

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