Isıl Yaşlandırmanın Yüksek Yoğunluklu Polietilen/Fındık Kabuğu Polimer Kompozitinin Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisi
Selülozik bazlı doğal malzemeler uzun yıllardan beri plastiklerde güçlendirilme malzemesi olarak yaygın bir biçimde kullanılmaktadırlar. Bu malzemelerin kullanılma nedenleri arasında maliyetlerinin düşük olması, yüksek fiziksel ve mekanik dirençe sahip olmaları sayılabilir. Öğütülmüş fındık kabuğu plastik kompozitlerde dolgu malzemesi olarak da kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye’de fındık büyük ölçüde üretilmekte ve dünyada ilk sırada yer almaktadır ancak kabukları genellikle evlerde yakılarak ısınma amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, fındık kabuğu tozu oranının ve 100 oC’de ısıl yaşlandırma süresinin (0, 15 ve 30 gün) yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen kompozitinin mekanik özelliklerine etkileri incelenmiştir. İlk olarak fındık kabukları halkalı öğürücüde öğütülmüştür. Ağırlıkça %5, 10, 15 ve 20 oranlarında fındık kabuğu tozu yüksek yoğunluklu polietilene eklenerek çift vidalı ekstrüzyon makinesinde karıştırıldı. Daha sonra elde edilen kompozitten enjeksiyon makinesinde çekme, Izod darbe, sertlik ve yoğunluk test numunelere basılarak testler gerçekleştirildi. Yapılan testler sonucunda yüksek yoğunluklu polietilene fındık kabuğu tozunun ilavesiyle elastiklik modülü, akma mukavemeti, çekme mukavemeti, % uzama değeri, yoğunluk, sertlik ve Izod darbe dayanımı değerlerinin azaldığı görüldü. Ayrıca yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen/ fındık kabuğu tozu polimer kompozitlerinin mekanik özellikleri (% uzama hariç), ısıl yaşlandırma süresinin (15 ve 30 gün) artmasıyla arttığı görüldü.
Effect of Thermal Aging on the Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Nut Shell Polymer Composite
Cellulosic-based natural materials have been widely used as a reinforcement material in plastics for many years. Among the reasons for using these materials are their low cost, high physical and mechanical resistance. Ground hazelnut shells are also used as filling material in plastic composites. Hazelnuts are produced on a large scale in Turkey and are in the first place in the world, but their shells are generally burned in homes and used for heating purposes. In this study, the effects of additions of hazelnut shell powder content and thermal aging time (0, 15 and 30 days) on the mechanical properties of polyethylene composites were investigated. Nutshell powder, in four different concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt %) were added to HDPE to produce composites. The tensile, Izod impact, hardness, density tests were conducted on specimens produced by means of injection molding method. It was observed that, increasing the hutshell powder content in HDPE, values for elasticity modulus, yield strength, tensile strength at break, % elongation, density, hardness and Izod impact strength decreased. On the other hand, mechanical properties (except % elongation) of HDPE/nutshell powder polymer composites increased as the thermal aging time increases from 0 days to 30 days.
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