Non-redundant and natural variables definition of heat valid for open systems
Although an unambiguous definition of heat is available for closed systems, the question of how best
to define heat in open systems is not yet settled.
After introducing a set of physical requirements for the definition of heat, this article reviews the
non-equivalent definitions of heat for open systems used by Callen, Casas-Vázquez, DeGroot,
Fox, Haase, Jou, Kondepudi, Lebon, Mazur, Misner, Prigogine, Smith, Thorne, and
Wheeler, emphasizing which physical requirements are not met.
A subsequent section deals with the main objective of this article and introduces a new definition of
heat that avoids the difficulties of the existent definitions, providing (i) a complete distinction between
open and closed systems, (ii) non-redundancy, (iii) natural variables for the thermodynamic potentials,
and (iv) a sound, complete, and intuitive generalization of classical thermodynamic expressions.
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- D. K. Kondepudi and I. Prigogine, Modern Thermodynamics. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 19 G. H. Bryan, Thermodynamics, an introductory treatise dealing mainly with first principles and their direct applications. Leipzig: B. G. Teubner, 1907.
- R. Haase, "Survey of fundamental laws," in Physical Chemistry, An Advanced Treatise, Volume I Thermodynamics, W. Jost, Ed. London: Academic Press, 1971.
- H. B. Callen, Thermodynamics and an Introduction to Thermostatistics, 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1985.
- D. A. Smith, "Definition of Heat in Open Systems," Aust. J. Phys., vol. 33, pp. 95–105,.1990.
- E. R. Cohen, Ed. Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, 2nd Printing. Cambridge: IUPAC & RSC Publishing, 2008.
- S. R. De Groot and P. Mazur, Non-equilibrium thermodynamics. New York: Courier Dover Publications, 1984.
- R. F. Fox, "Non-equilibrium thermodynamics," in Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry, Volume I Fundamentals, J. H. Moore and N. D. Spencer, Eds. Bristol: IOP Publishing Bristol, 2001. D. Jou, J. Casas-Vázquez, and G. Lebon, Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics, 4th Ed. New York: Springer, 2010.
- R. Balescu, Statistical dynamics; matter out of equilibrium. London: Imperial College Press, 1997.
- C. Misner, K. S. Thorne, and J. A. Wheeler, Gravitation. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman & Co., 19
- ISSN: 1301-9724
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 1998
- Yayıncı: -
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler
Serdar KOCATURK, Nilufer EGRİCAN
Enrico SCİUBBA, Luigi SALLUSTİO
Serdar KOCATÜRK, A. Nilüfer EĞRİCAN