Bankaların KOBİ kredileri uygulamaları

Bu çalışma bankaların KOBİ kredileri uygulamaları ve kredi karar süreçlerini içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelemektedir. Çalışma için İstanbul ve Ankara’da faaliyet gösteren bankalarda görev yapan on banka yöneticisiyle görüşme yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerde yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan içerik analizi sonucunda bankaların kredi başvurusu sonrasında öncelikle şubede bir ön değerlendirme ve istihbarat çalışması yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Yöneticiler kredi başvurusu yapan KOBİlerden iş planı istemelerine rağmen birçok KOBİnin böyle bir plan sunamadığını ve sonuçta projeksiyonları banka personelinin yapmak durumunda kaldığını ifade etmiştir. Özkaynak yetersizliği, yüksek borçlanma oranı ve firmanın yeni kurulmuş olması kredi başvurusunun olumsuz sonuçlanmasına neden olmaktadır. Bankaların tümü değerlendirme aşamasında kredi skorlama yöntemini kullanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

KOBİ, KOBİ finansmanı, KOBİ kredileri

SME lending practices of banks

This study analyzes the SME lending practices and credit decision procedures of banks with content analysis method. For the study, 10 bank executives who are employed by banks that operate in İstanbul and Ankara were interviewed. Semi-structured in-depth interview technique was used for the interviews. As a result of the content analysis, it was found that banks make a preliminary assessment in the branch and collect financial intelligence after the loan application. The executives declared that although they request business plans from the SMEs that apply for bank loans, most of the SMEs can not present such a plan and the banks’ staff are obliged to make the projections. Inadequate equity capital, a high debt ratio and being a newly established firm causes rejection in loan applications. All of the banks use credit scoring method in the evaluation process.

Keywords:

SME, SME financing, SME loans,

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