AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ADALET DİVANININ AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ SOSYAL POLİTİKASININ GELİŞİMİNE ETKİSİ

Sosyal politika refah devletinin bir konusu olarak çoğunlukla yurttaşlık hakları bağlamında çalışılmıştır. Fakat Avrupa Birliği seviyesinde giderek daha fazla düzenlenen sosyal politika, zamanla Avrupa bütünleşmesi araştırmalarının da önemli bir konusunu oluşturmuştur. Bu nedenle ulusal politikaların temel düzenleme alanı olarak algılanan bir konunun nasıl olup da Avrupa Birliği mevzuatının bir parçası olduğu cevap aranması gereken bir sorudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı bu soruya cevap aramaktır. Çalışma, sosyal politika ve Avrupa Bütünleşmesi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesinin yanısıra, Avrupa Birliği Adalet Divanı (ABAD)’nın kararlarını açıklayıcı bir faktör olarak kullanılmaktadır. Böylelikle farklı refah devletleri sistemleriyle bütünleşmiş bir Avrupa Birliği (AB) sosyal politikası arasında bir köprü kurulacaktır. Seçilmiş örnek vakalar olan Viking ve Laval yargılamalarının da gösterdiği gibi, ABAD sosyal politikaların AB düzeyinde geliştirilmesi için önemli bir aktördür. Bu vakalar ABAD’nin yalnızca varolan sosyal politika sorunlarını çözmediğini, aynı zamanda hem AB düzeyinde hem de üye ülkeler düzeyinde sosyal politikaların giderek birbirleriyle uyumlu hale geldiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Avrupa Sosyal Politikası, Sosyal Politika, Avrupa Bütünleşmesi, Avrupa Birliği Adalet Divanı, Avrupalılaşma

THE IMPACT OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION SOCIAL POLICY

Social policy as a subject of welfare state has been studied mostly from the point of citizenship rights. Yet, the regulations of social policies at the European Union (EU) level are increasing day by day, which makes it an important subject for the European studies. Therefore, it is necessary to seek an answer to the question of how social policies that have been perceived as main subject of national policies have become part of the European legislation. This research attempts to answer this question. The research benefits from the cases of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) as an explanatory factor, following the elaboration of social policy and European integration relationship. Thus, a bridge between various welfare systems and a uniformed EU social policy is more likely to be built. The paper argues that as the selected cases, Viking and Laval indicate, the CJEU is an important actor that promotes the argument about social policies at the EU level. The cases are not offering only a solution to the pertinent problem but also supporting more consistent social policies in the member states of the EU thanks to its “spill- over” impact.

Keywords:

European Social Policy, Social Policy, European Integration, The European Court of Justice, Europeanization,

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