SARS-CoV-2’nin Hızlı Tespiti İçin Tasarlanan Biyosensörler

Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2’nin (SARS-CoV-2) dikkat çekici bir hızla yayılması sonucunda 2019 yılında dünya çapında “salgın” olarak nitelendirilmeye başlanmıştır. COVID-19 hastalarına yapılan testlerde yanlış negatif ve yanlış pozitif sonuçlar, geniş bir popülasyona yapılan tespit testlerinin uzun süre alması ayrıca yüksek maliyeti ve sağlık personellerinin yaşadığı sıkıntılar göz önüne alındığında dünyanın daha hızlı hareket etmesi gerekmektedir. Bu yüzden COVID-19 virüsünü kontrol altına alabilmek için etkili, hızlı ve son derece hassas yöntemlere ihtiyaç duyulmaya başlanmıştır. SARS-CoV-2 ile enfekte olan hastaların teşhisi ve izolasyon süreçlerinin başlamasıyla birçok şirket ve enstitü başta SARS-CoV-2’nin proteinleri olmak üzere antikorlar, antijenler üzerinde çalışarak virüsün hızlı tespitine yönelik testler geliştirmeye başlamıştır. Bu derlemede SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün yapısını, SARS-CoV-2 için yapılan tespit testleri, tespit testlerinde yaşanan problemleri ve SARS-CoV-2’nin hızlı tespiti için tasarlanan biyosensörleri tartışmaktayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

SARS-CoV-2, Hızlı tespit, Biyosensör, COVID-19, Bakım-noktası testi

Biosensors Designed for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started to be described as "epidemic" worldwide in 2019 as a result of the remarkable rapid spread. Considering the false negative and false positive results in the tests performed on COVID-19 patients, the long duration of the detection tests performed on a large population, the high cost and the difficulties experienced by the healthcare personnel, the world should move faster. Therefore, effective, fast and highly sensitive methods are needed to control the COVID-19 virus. With the diagnosis and isolation processes of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, many companies and institutes have started to develop tests for rapid detection of the virus by working on antibodies and antigens, especially proteins of SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we discuss the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, detection tests for SARS-CoV-2, problems encountered in detection tests, and biosensors designed for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2, Rapid detection, Biosensor, COVID-19, Point-of-care testing,

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