In this study, artificial neural networks (ANN) method is used for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in order to support medical diagnostics. For the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, backpropagation algorithm was examined in Matlab R2015b environment in artificial neural networks. With the system, the data in a data set, which are received from the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from the people who are not suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, are classified successfully. Also, ANN backpropagation algorithm results and the results found by Perceptron algorithm are compared in terms of performance. Whereas %82 accuracy percentage is obtained with the Backpropagation method in performance tests in the data set, the accuracy percentage is calculated %71 with Perceptron method.