In modern conditions of long-term reduction of the country’s income, and, respectively, searches of financing of regions optimum structuring of regional space, use of historically developed spaces-regions as one of the sources of social and economic development by the way of increase in volumes and soundness of investments is very important. The article represents the East Siberian region as historically developed economical and geographical space and transformation of its image in modern geo-economic conditions. Meridional location of the region united by common Baikal-Angara-Yenisei water system should be taken into account at planning of development of separate economic sectors in its territory for the purpose of achievement of both all-federal purposes and purposes of regional development. The youngest and most dynamic sector in the territory of the region is oil and gas that provides an opportunity for creation of general federal and regional strategy for its further development. It is necessary to use the existing regional system of oil product supply while implementation of federal programs and plans of Vertically Integrated Oil Company in oil and gas industry in the territory of the region and to build operating structures not only for the West-East line, but also for the North-South