PREVIOUS DEVELOPMENTS AND THE CURRENT SITUATION IN THE TURKISH BANKING SECTOR, FOREIGN ENTRY AND ITS REFLECTIONS ON THE NATIONAL BANKING INDUSTRY

PREVIOUS DEVELOPMENTS AND THE CURRENT SITUATION IN THE TURKISH BANKING SECTOR, FOREIGN ENTRY AND ITS REFLECTIONS ON THE NATIONAL BANKING INDUSTRY

The banking industry possesses a unique property that is unlike to other sectors with respect to supplying liquidity and financial strength for the economy and transaction operations However, despite their significance, banking industries in the world are subject to various crises and foreign interventions that could affect the financial industry negatively. This study describes the background of the Turkish Banking Sector, explains the reasons for the three major crises it was subjected to in 1994, 2001 and 2002 that resulted from numerous factors such as insufficient implementation of regulations, inadequate depth of the capital markets, lack of assessment of risk, inadequate managerial applications and excessive lending to incorporated institutions. The study also dwells on the restructuring process that has been continuing for more than two decades, reasons of foreign entry to the Turkish Banking Industry, as well as explains the reflections of foreign entry on the national banking industry depending on various comprehensive and credible national and international publications

___

  • ALPER, Emre; BERUMET, Hakan; MALATYALI, Kamuran (2001); “The Effect of the Disinflation
  • Program on the Structure of the Turkish Banking Sector”, Russian and East European Finance and Trade, Vol. 7, N0. 6, pp. 81 – 95. AYSAN, Ahmet Faruk; CEYLAN, Şanlı Pınar (2008); “Globalization of Turkey’s Banking Sector:
  • Determinants of Foreign Bank Penetration in Turkey”, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Vol.15, pp. 90 – 102. BUMİN, Mete (2007); “The determinants of foreign bank entry to the Turkish banking sector”, Banks and Systems, Volume 2, No: 4, pp. 84 – 92.
  • EKİNCİ, Nazım Kadri; ERTÜRK, Korkut Alp (2007); “Turkish Currency Crisis of 2000 – 2001, Revisited”,
  • International Review of Applied Economics, Vol.21, No:1, pp. 29 – 41. EL-GAMAL, Mahmoud; INANOGLU, Hulusi (2005); “Inefficiency and Heterogeneity in Turkish Banking:
  • –2000”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol. 20, pp. 641 – 664.
  • GÜNALP, Burak; ÇELİK, Tuncay (2006); “Competition in the Turkish banking industry”, Applied
  • Economics, Vol. 38, No: 11, pp. 1335 – 1342.
  • GÜNAY, Nur; TEKTAS, Arzu (2006); “Efficiency Analysis of the Turkish Banking Sector in Precrisis and Crisis Period: A DEA Approach”, Contemporary Economic Policy, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 418 – 431.
  • GÜNÇAVDI, Öner; KÜÇÜKÇİFÇİ,Suat (2005); “Financial Reforms and the Decomposition of Economic
  • Growth: An Investigation of the Changing Role of the Financial Sector in Turkey”, Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, Vol.3, No:1, pp. 63 – 86. ISIK, Ihsan; HASSAN, Kabir (2002); “Cost and Profit Efficiency of the Turkish Banking Industry: An
  • Emprical Investigation”, The Financial Review, Vol.37, pp. 257 – 280. LENSINK, Robert; MURINDE, Victor (2006); “Does foreign bank entry really stimulate gross domestic investment”, Applied Financial Economics, Vol.16, No: 8, pp. 569 – 582.
  • SENGONUL, Ahmet; THORBECKE, Williem (2005); “The effect of monetary policy on bank lending in
  • Turkey”; Applied Financial Economics, Vol. 15, pp. 931 – 934. YILDIRIM, Canan (2002); “Evolution of banking efficiency with an unstable macroeconomic environment: the case of the Turkish commercial banks”, Applied Economics, Vol. 34, pp. 2289 – 2301.
  • YÖRÜK, Nevin; ERDEM, Cumhur; ERDEM, Meziyet Sema (2006); “Testing for linear and nonlinear
  • Granger Causality in the stock price – volume relation: Turkish banking firms’ evidence”, Applied Financial Economics Letters, Vol.2, pp. 165 – 171. Banking Association of Turkey, Economics Study Group Assessment, 2006 (see also www.tbb.org.tr).
  • Financial Stability Report of the Central Bank of Turkey, 2005 (see also www.tcmb.gov.tr ).
  • Operating Report of the Banks Association of Turkey Related to 2006 – 2007 Period Operating Reports (see also www.tbb.org.tr).
  • World Bank- Main Macroeconomic Indicators of Turkey – 2007 (see also www.worldbank.org).