Eğitsel Amaçlı Sanal Gerçeklik Başlığı ile Sanal Gerçeklik Gözlüğü Kullanımının Öğrencilerin Kabul ve Tutumu Açısından İncelenmesi

Sanal gerçeklik (SG) teknolojisinin sağladığı faydalar sayesinde yüksek öğretimdeki kullanımı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. SG kullanımına dair çeşitli teknolojik cihazların kullanıldığı görülmekte ve bu cihazların başında da öğretim ortamında sıklıkla kullanılan mobil tabanlı SG gözlüğü ve SG başlığı yer almaktadır. Fakat literatür incelendiğinde bu cihazların eğitim ortamında kullanıma yönelik çalışmaların yeterli düzeyde olmadığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin eğitim amaçlı mobil tabanlı SG gözlüğü ve SG başlığı kullanım kabul düzeylerini ve bu cihazların kullanıma yönelik tutum düzeylerini incelemektir. Çalışma 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılı Bilgisayar Teknolojisi ve Bilişim Sistemleri bölümünde okuyan 56 üniversite öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında öğrenciler mobil tabanlı SG gözlüğü ile SG başlığını kullanarak astronomi üzerine tasarlanmış SG uygulamaları deneyimlemişler ve akabinde öğrencilerin bu cihazlara yönelik kabul ve tutum düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik ölçekler uygulanarak veriler toplanmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde öğrencilerin mobil tabanlı SG gözlüğü ile SG başlığı kullanım kabulleri ve bu cihazları kullanımına yönelik tutum düzeyleri yüksek çıkmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin mobil tabanlı SG gözlüğü ile SG başlığı kullanım kabulleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark ortaya çıkmamışken bu cihazların kullanımına yönelik tutum düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur.

Comparison of the Use of Educational Virtual Reality Headset and Virtual Reality Glasses in terms of Acceptance and Attitude of Students

The use of virtual reality (VR) technology in higher education has been increasing day by day due to the benefits it provides. Various technological devices are used for VR, with mobile-based VR glasses and VR headsets being the most frequently used in educational environments. However, when the literature is examined, it is seen that there need to be more studies on the use of these devices in educational settings. In this context, this study aims to examine university students’ acceptance and attitudes toward the use of mobile-based VR glasses and VR headsets for educational purposes. The study was conducted with 56 university students studying in the Computer Technology and Information Systems department in the 2021-2022 academic year. Within the scope of the study, students experienced VR applications designed for astronomy using mobile-based VR glasses and VR headsets, and then data was collected by applying scales to determine students' acceptance and attitude towards these devices. As a result of the analyses, students' acceptance and attitude towards using mobile-based VR glasses and VR headsets were found to be high. Additionally, while there was no statistically significant difference between students' acceptance of mobile-based VR glasses and VR headsets, a statistically significant difference was found between their attitudes toward using devices.

___

  • Ciloglu, T., & Ustun, A. B. (2023). The effects of mobile AR-based biology learning experience on students’ motivation, self‐efficacy, and attitudes in online learning. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 32(3), 309-337.
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behaviour: An introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley.
  • Göktaş, Y., Yıldırım, Z., & Yıldırım, S. (2010). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin eğitim fakültelerindeki durumu: Dekanların görüşleri. Eğitim ve Bilim, 33(149), 30-50.
  • Huang, H. M., & Liaw, S. S. (2018). An analysis of learners’ intentions toward virtual reality learning based on constructivist and technology acceptance approaches. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 19(1), 91–115.
  • Huang, K. T., Ball, C., Francis, J., Ratan, R., Boumis, J., & Fordham, J. (2019). Augmented versus virtual reality in education: An exploratory study examining science knowledge retention when using augmented reality/virtual reality mobile applications. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22(2), 105-110.
  • Jensen, L., & Konradsen, F. (2018). A review of the use of virtual reality head-mounted displays in education and training. Education and Information Technologies, 23, 1515-1529.
  • Karaoglan-Yilmaz, F. G., Yilmaz, R., Zhang, K., & Ustun, A. B. (2023). Development of educational virtual reality attitude scale: A validity and reliability study. Virtual Reality, 1-11.
  • Krokos, E., Plaisant, C., & Varshney, A. (2019). Virtual memory palaces: immersion aids recall. Virtual reality, 23, 1-15.
  • Makransky, G., & Lilleholt, L. (2018). A structural equation modeling investigation of the emotional value of immersive virtual reality in education. Educational Technology Research and Development, 66(5), 1141-1164.
  • Marangunić, N., & Granić, A. (2015). Technology acceptance model: a literature review from 1986 to 2013. Universal access in the information society, 14, 81-95.
  • Norris, M. W., Spicer, K., & Byrd, T. (2019). Virtual reality: the new pathway for effective safety training. Professional Safety, 64(06), 36-39.
  • Pan, Z., Cheok, A. D., Yang, H., Zhu, J., & Shi, J. (2006). Virtual reality and mixed reality for virtual learning environments. Computers & graphics, 30(1), 20-28.
  • Radianti, J., Majchrzak, T. A., Fromm, J., & Wohlgenannt, I. (2020). A systematic review of immersive virtual reality applications for higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda. Computers & Education, 147, 103778.
  • Richter, E., Hußner, I., Huang, Y., Richter, D., & Lazarides, R. (2022). Video-based reflection in teacher education: Comparing virtual reality and real classroom videos. Computers & Education, 190, 104601.
  • Rojas-Sánchez, M. A., Palos-Sánchez, P. R., & Folgado-Fernández, J. A. (2023). Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis on virtual reality and education. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 155-192.
  • Sacks, R., Perlman, A., & Barak, R. (2013). Construction safety training using immersive virtual reality. Construction Management and Economics, 31(9), 1005–1017. doi:10.1080/01446193.2013.828844
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.), Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Tondeur, J. (2020). Teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and technology use. M. Peters. Encyclopedia of Teacher Education. Springer. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-981-13-1179-6_111-1.
  • Ustun, A. B. (2019). Students’ experiences in learning and using Prezi in higher education. Bartın Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(3), 928-946.
  • Ustun, A. B., Karaoglan-Yilmaz, F. G., & Yilmaz, R. (2022). Educational UTAUT-based virtual reality acceptance scale: a validity and reliability study. Virtual Reality, 1-14.
  • Ustun, A. B., Yilmaz, R., Karaoglan-Yilmaz, F. G. (2020). Virtual reality in medical education. In: Umair S (ed) Mobile devices and smart gadgets in medical sciences. (pp. 56-73). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2521-0.ch004
  • Üstün, A. B. (2021). The Power of Using Emerging Technologies in MOOCs: Accelerating Globalization in Higher Education. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age, 6(2), 141-148.
  • Verhagen, T., Feldberg, F., van den Hooff, B., Meents, S., & Merikivi, J. (2012). Understanding users’ motivations to engage in virtual worlds: A multipurpose model and empirical testing. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 484-495.