Muhafazakârlık Ve Reform Arasında Bir Hareket: Neolog Yahudilik

Neolog Yahudilik 19. yüzyılda Macaristan’da gelişen ılımlı bir reform hareketidir. Alman Yahudi reform hareketinin Macar Yahudiliğine etkisiyle birlikte 19. yüzyılın başlarından itibaren Macaristan’daki cemaat örgütlenmesinde reform eğilimleri görülmeye başlamıştır. Alman reformunun Macar Yahudiliğine bir ideoloji ve dini yenilikler konusunda özel bir program sunmasına karşın Macaristan’daki politik ve ekonomik koşulların farklılığı Neolog Yahudiliğin eşsiz karakterini şekillenmesinde etkili olmuştur. Sözcülüğünü Aaron Chorin ve Leopold Löw’ün yaptığı Neolog Yahudilik, duaların yerel dilde ve başı açık şekilde yapılmasını belirtmiş, Şabat ibadetinde orgun kullanılmasını uygun görmüş, yedi günlük yas dönemini kısaltmış ve Şabat’ta okuma-yazmaya izin vermiştir. Neolog Yahudilik 1868-69 yılları arasında yönetim tarafından toplanan Genel Yahudi Kongresinde Ortodoks Yahudilikten ayrılmasına rağmen Neolog Yahudiler aşırı reformlardan kaçınmış ve belirgin şekilde ılımlı bir yönelimi benimsemişlerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Neolog Judaism; Macaristan; Reform; Aaron Chorin; Leopold Löw

A Movement between Conservatism and Reform: Neolog Judaism

Neolog Judaism is a moderate reform movement that develeoped in mid-nineteenth century Hungary. With the impact of German Reform Judaism movement on Hungarian Jewry reform tendencies had already appeared in the commity organizations of Hungary from the beginning of the 19th century. Although German Reform provided Hungary Jewry with an ideology and a specific program of religious innovation difference in political and economic conditions in Hungary combined to mold the unique character of Hungarian Neology. Neolog Judaism, whose leading spokesmen there were Aaron Chorin and Leopold Löw, pronounced prayer in the vernacular with an uncovered head, approved of the use of an organ on the Sabbath, curtailed the seven-day period of mourning and allowed riding and writing on the Sabbath. Neolog Judaism had separated from Orthodox Judasim at the General Jewish Congress convened in 1868-69, but refrained from introducing drastic reforms and adopted a distinctly moderate orientation.

Keywords:

Neolog Judaism; Hungary; Reform; Aaron Chorin; Leopold Löw,

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