Mikroplastik ve Biyokatı Varlığında Toprakta Nikel Toksisitesinin Belirlenmesi

Hayatımızda büyük bir yer kaplayan plastikler bu yaygın kullanımlarıyla aynı zamanda çeşitli çevre sorunlarını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Atıksu Arıtma Tesislerinin arıtma çamurlarında mikroplastikler birikebilmekte ve daha sonra bu çamurların tarım arazilerinde kullanılması ağır metaller ve mikroplastikler gibi henüz çevreye etkileri net olmayan kirleticilerin yayılmasına neden olabilmektedir. Tarım arazilerinde risk arz eden ağır metallerden biri Nikel olup ilgili yönetmeliklerle de sınırlandırılmıştır. Ancak, mikroplastik ve biyokatı gibi etkileri yeni incelenmeye başlayan potansiyel kirletici kaynaklar ile bulunması durumunda Nikelin toksisitesinde meydana gelebilecek değişim incelenmemiştir. Bu kapsamda, mikroplastik ve biyokatı varlığında Nikel toksisitesi incelenmiştir. Toprakta yaşayan canlıları temsilen kullanılan E. Crypticus üzerinde üremeye olan etkileri EC50 değerleri ile belirlenmiştir. Buna göre hem mikroplastikler hem de biyokatı uygulamaları Nikel toksisitesini düşürücü yönde etki etmiştir. Bu durum, Nikelin biyokatıdaki organik maddelerle kompleks oluşturarak ya da mikroplastik yüzeyinde bulunabilecek yüklü yüzey gruplarıyla etkileşime girerek toksik etkiyi meydana getirdiği bilinen iyonik formun nötrleşmesi ile açıklanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mikroplastik, nikel, biyokatı, toksisite

Determination of Nickel Toxicity in Soil in The Presence of Microplastics and Biosolids

Plastics, which occupy a large place in our lives, have also brought along various environmental problems with their widespread use. Microplastics can accumulate in the sewage sludge of Wastewater Treatment Plants, and then the use of these sludges in agricultural lands may cause the spread of pollutants such as heavy metals and microplastics for which the toxic effects are not clear, yet. Nickel is one of the heavy metals that pose a risk in agricultural lands, and it is also limited by the relevant regulations. However, the change in the toxicity of Nickel in the presence of potential pollutants such as microplastics and biosolids, whose effects have just begun to be investigated, has not been examined. In this context, nickel toxicity was investigated in the presence of microplastics and biosolids. The effects on reproduction on E. Crypticus, which is used as a representative of living things living in the soil, were determined by EC50 values. Accordingly, both microplastics and biosolids applications had a decreasing effect on Nickel toxicity. This can be explained by the neutralization of Nickel for which toxicity is sourced from ion forms by complexing with organic substances in the biosolid or interacting with charged surface groups that may be present on the microplastic surface.

Keywords:

Microplastic, nickel, biosolid, toxicity,

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