Kamkatın (Fortunella spp.) Besinsel İçeriği ve Fonksiyonel Özellikleri

Kamkat, Rutaceae familyasının Fortunella cinsindeki bir bitki türü olup, genellikle bu bitkinin en küçük turunçgil meyvesi olarak da bilinen meyvelerine verilen isimdir. Anavatanı Çin olan kamkat, yuvarlak-oval şekle, turuncu-sarı renge sahip bir meyvedir. Kamkat meyvesinin başlıca beş türü olmakla birlikte, diğer narenciyelerle hibrit yeni meyveler de üretilmektedir. Kabuk bileşimindeki terpenoid ve flavonoidler sayesinde diğer narenciyelerin aksine kabuğuyla birlikte tüketilebilir. Besinsel olarak demir, kalsiyum, A, B2 ve C vitamini içeriği ile diyet lif oranı yüksektir. Kamkat uçucu yağının bileşimini çoğunlukla terpenoidler oluşturup, majör terpen bileşiği d-limonendir. 3’,5’-Di-C-β glukopiranozilfloretin ise kamkat türünün karakteristik fenolik bileşiğidir. Serbest radikal yakalama aktivitesi fazla olan kamkatın, antioksidan kapasitesi bileşimindeki yüksek fenolik bileşik içeriğinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Antifungal özelliğinin yanı sıra sağlık üzerinde antiviral, antiaterojenik, antienflamatuar ve antikanser etki de gösterir. Kamkat hem besinsel hem fitokimyasal içeriğiyle, gıda ve farmakoloji alanında gitgide önem kazanan bir konumdadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kamkat, Narenciye, Citrus Fortunella, d-limonen, DGPP, Fonksiyonel Özellik

Nutritional Composition and Functional Properties of Kumquat (Fortunella spp.)

Kumquat is a plant species of Fortunella genus in Rutaceae family and generally is the name given to the fruits that known as smallest citrus fruits of this plant. Kumquat, whose homeland is China, is a fruit with round-oval shaped, orange-yellow color. As well as kumquat has five major species, new hybrid fruits are also produced with other citrus fruits. Due to the terpenoids and flavonoids in the peel composition, it can be consumed with its peel, unlike other citrus fruits. Nutritionally, the ratio of dietary fiber and the content of iron, calcium, vitamin A, B2 and C is high. Mostly terpenoids form of the composition of kumquat essential oil and its major terpene compound is d-limonene. 3’,5’-Di-C-β glucopyranosylphloretin is the characteristic phenolic compound of the species of the kumquat. Free radical scavenging activity of kumquat is high and its antioxidant capacity is due to the high content of phenolic compound in its composition. In addition to its antifungal properties, it also has antiviral, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects on health. Kumquat, with its nutritional and phytochemical content, is increasingly becoming in an important position in the field of food and pharmacology.

Keywords:

Citrus Fortunella, Kumquat, Citrus, d-limonene, DGPP, Functional Property,

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